महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-2, verse-20

सोऽग्निहोत्रप्रसक्तस्य कस्यचिद्ब्रह्मवादिनः ।
जघानाज्ञानतः पार्थ होमधेनुं यदृच्छया ॥२०॥

20. so'gnihotraprasaktasya kasyacidbrahmavādinaḥ ,
jaghānājñānataḥ pārtha homadhenuṁ yadṛcchayā.

20. saḥ agnihotraprasaktasya kasyacit brahmavādinaḥ
jaghāna ajñānataḥ pārtha homadhenum yadṛcchayā

20. pārtha saḥ ajñānataḥ yadṛcchayā agnihotraprasaktasya
kasyacit brahmavādinaḥ homadhenum jaghāna

20. O Pārtha, he, unknowingly and by chance, killed the sacrificial cow of a certain knower of the Vedas (brahman) who was devoted to the Agnihotra (yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अग्निहोत्रप्रसक्तस्य (agnihotraprasaktasya) - of one devoted to the Agnihotra ritual

• कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of a certain, of someone

• ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - of a speaker of the Vedas, of a knower of Brahman

• जघान (jaghāna) - killed, struck

• अज्ञानतः (ajñānataḥ) - unknowingly, out of ignorance

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā, O Pārtha

• होमधेनुम् (homadhenum) - a sacrificial cow

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, arbitrarily

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अग्निहोत्रप्रसक्तस्य (agnihotraprasaktasya) - of one devoted to the Agnihotra ritual

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of agnihotraprasakta

agnihotraprasakta - devoted to Agnihotra (the sacred fire ritual)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agnihotra+prasakta)

• agnihotra – Agnihotra (a Vedic sacrificial (yajña) ritual involving fire)
  noun (neuter)
• prasakta – attached to, devoted to, engaged in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from pra- + √sañj
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sañj (class 7)

कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of a certain, of someone

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - a certain, someone

ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - of a speaker of the Vedas, of a knower of Brahman

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brahmavādin

brahmavādin - speaker of the Vedas, expounder of sacred knowledge, knower of Brahman (brahman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vādin)

• brahman – Brahman, sacred utterance, the Vedas, sacred knowledge
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, expounding, one who speaks
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from √vad
  Root: vad (class 1)

जघान (jaghāna) - killed, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of han

Root: han (class 2)

अज्ञानतः (ajñānataḥ) - unknowingly, out of ignorance

(indeclinable)

From a- + jñāna. The suffix -tas implies 'from' or 'due to'.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā, O Pārtha

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna

Vr̥ddhi derivative of Pṛthā

Note: Used here as an address to the listener/reader in the narrative.

होमधेनुम् (homadhenum) - a sacrificial cow

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of homadhenu

homadhenu - sacrificial cow, cow used for oblation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (homa+dhenu)

• homa – oblation, sacrifice, offering (yajña)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hu (class 3)
• dhenu – cow
  noun (feminine)

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, arbitrarily

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - chance, accident, free will, spontaneity