महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-166, verse-3

ततोऽलातेन दीप्तेन विश्वस्तं निजघान तम् ।
निहत्य च मुदा युक्तः सोऽनुबन्धं न दृष्टवान् ॥३॥

3. tato'lātena dīptena viśvastaṁ nijaghāna tam ,
nihatya ca mudā yuktaḥ so'nubandhaṁ na dṛṣṭavān.

3. tataḥ alātena dīptena viśvastaṃ nijaghāna tam
nihatya ca mudā yuktaḥ saḥ anubandhaṃ na dṛṣṭavān

3. tataḥ dīptena alātena viśvastaṃ tam nijaghāna ca
nihatya mudā yuktaḥ saḥ anubandhaṃ na dṛṣṭavān

3. Then, with a blazing firebrand, he struck and killed that trusting one. And, filled with joy after committing the murder, he did not perceive the consequences.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - Indicating the sequence of events. (then, thereupon, from that)

• अलातेन (alātena) - The instrument used for the murder. (with a firebrand, with a burning stick)

• दीप्तेन (dīptena) - Describing the firebrand. (burning, blazing, shining)

• विश्वस्तं (viśvastaṁ) - The hawk, who was unsuspecting. (the trusting one, the unsuspecting one)

• निजघान (nijaghāna) - The crane-king performed the killing. (he killed, he struck down)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the hawk, the victim. (him, that)

• निहत्य (nihatya) - Action completed before the main verb 'saw'. (having killed, after killing)

• च (ca) - Connects the two parts of the sentence. (and)

• मुदा (mudā) - The crane-king's state of mind after the murder. (with joy, happily)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - The crane-king was filled with joy. (endowed with, joined, connected, filled with)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the crane-king. (he, that)

• अनुबन्धं (anubandhaṁ) - The negative consequences or repercussions of his action. (connection, consequence, further development)

• न (na) - Negates the action of seeing. (not, no)

• दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - He did not perceive the consequences. (saw, perceived)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - Indicating the sequence of events. (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

derived from 'tad' (that)

अलातेन (alātena) - The instrument used for the murder. (with a firebrand, with a burning stick)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of alāta

alāta - firebrand, burning stick

दीप्तेन (dīptena) - Describing the firebrand. (burning, blazing, shining)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dīpta

dīpta - burning, blazing, luminous, brilliant

Past Passive Participle

from root √dīp (to shine, burn)

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'alātena'.

विश्वस्तं (viśvastaṁ) - The hawk, who was unsuspecting. (the trusting one, the unsuspecting one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvasta

viśvasta - trusted, confident, unsuspecting

Past Passive Participle

from root √śvas (to trust) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Object of 'nijaghāna'.

निजघान (nijaghāna) - The crane-king performed the killing. (he killed, he struck down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of han

Perfect Active

root 'han' (2nd class) with prefix 'ni', in perfect tense

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: From root √han.

तम् (tam) - Refers to the hawk, the victim. (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of 'nijaghāna'.

निहत्य (nihatya) - Action completed before the main verb 'saw'. (having killed, after killing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root √han (to kill) with prefix 'ni' and suffix -tya

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Absolutive form.

च (ca) - Connects the two parts of the sentence. (and)

(indeclinable)

मुदा (mudā) - The crane-king's state of mind after the murder. (with joy, happily)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - The crane-king was filled with joy. (endowed with, joined, connected, filled with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, proper, fit

Past Passive Participle

from root √yuj (to join, connect)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the crane-king. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject of 'dṛṣṭavān'.

अनुबन्धं (anubandhaṁ) - The negative consequences or repercussions of his action. (connection, consequence, further development)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anubandha

anubandha - connection, consequence, sequel, further development

from 'anu' (after) + root √bandh (to bind)

Prefix: anu

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭavān'.

न (na) - Negates the action of seeing. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - He did not perceive the consequences. (saw, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭavat

dṛṣṭavat - one who has seen

Past Active Participle

from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tavat

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a finite verb.