महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-166, verse-19

दस्यूनां दीयतामेष साध्वद्य पुरुषाधमः ।
इत्यूचुस्तं महाराज राक्षसेन्द्रं निशाचराः ॥१९॥

19. dasyūnāṁ dīyatāmeṣa sādhvadya puruṣādhamaḥ ,
ityūcustaṁ mahārāja rākṣasendraṁ niśācarāḥ.

19. dasyūnām dīyatām eṣaḥ sādhu adya puruṣa adhamaḥ
iti ūcuḥ tam mahārāja rākṣasa indram niśācarāḥ

19. niśācarāḥ,
tam,
mahārāja,
rākṣasa indram,
ūcuḥ: "eṣaḥ,
puruṣa adhamaḥ,
sādhu adya,
dasyūnām,
dīyatām.
" iti.

19. "Let this vilest among men be given to the thieves (dasyu) now, that is proper!" Thus spoke the night-wanderers (rākṣasāḥ) to that great king, the lord of Rākṣasas.

Words meanings summery:

• दस्यूनाम् (dasyūnām) - to the thieves (dasyu) (of thieves, to thieves)

• दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let him be given

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (this, this one)

• साधु (sādhu) - proper (as an exclamation of approval) (good, proper, well)

• अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

• पुरुष (puruṣa) - man (man, person)

• अधमः (adhamaḥ) - vilest (lowest, vilest, worst)

• इति (iti) - thus (ending the quoted speech) (thus, so)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke (they said, they spoke)

• तम् (tam) - to him (to him, him)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - great king (vocative, referring to Rāvaṇa) (great king)

• राक्षस (rākṣasa) - Rākṣasa (Rākṣasa, demon)

• इन्द्रम् (indram) - to the lord (to the lord, to the chief)

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - the night-wanderers (rākṣasāḥ) (night-wanderers, Rākṣasas)

Words meanings and morphology

दस्यूनाम् (dasyūnām) - to the thieves (dasyu) (of thieves, to thieves)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dasyu

dasyu - thief, robber, enemy

Note: Genitive used with dative sense (to the thieves).

दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let him be given

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

साधु (sādhu) - proper (as an exclamation of approval) (good, proper, well)

(indeclinable)

Root: sādh (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adverb or interjection meaning 'properly' or 'good'.

अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

(indeclinable)

पुरुष (puruṣa) - man (man, person)

(noun)

singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person; the Supreme Cosmic Person (puruṣa)

Note: First part of a Tatpuruṣa compound 'puruṣādhama'.

अधमः (adhamaḥ) - vilest (lowest, vilest, worst)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhama

adhama - lowest, inferior, vilest, worst

Note: Second part of a Tatpuruṣa compound 'puruṣādhama' (lowest among men).

इति (iti) - thus (ending the quoted speech) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - to him (to him, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Accusative case used with verbs of speaking towards someone.

महाराज (mahārāja) - great king (vocative, referring to Rāvaṇa) (great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Also nominative singular. Here, used as an address.

राक्षस (rākṣasa) - Rākṣasa (Rākṣasa, demon)

(noun)

singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - Rākṣasa, demon

Note: First part of a Tatpuruṣa compound 'rākṣasendra'.

इन्द्रम् (indram) - to the lord (to the lord, to the chief)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - lord, chief, best; god Indra

Note: Second part of a Tatpuruṣa compound 'rākṣasendra' (lord of Rākṣasas). Accusative case.

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - the night-wanderers (rākṣasāḥ) (night-wanderers, Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, Rākṣasa

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering; one who moves
  noun (masculine)
  From root car (to move, wander).
  Root: car (class 1)