महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-152, verse-27

न गवार्थं यशोर्थं वा धर्मस्तेषां युधिष्ठिर ।
अवश्यकार्य इत्येव शरीरस्य क्रियास्तथा ॥२७॥

27. na gavārthaṁ yaśorthaṁ vā dharmasteṣāṁ yudhiṣṭhira ,
avaśyakārya ityeva śarīrasya kriyāstathā.

27. na gavārtham yaśo'rtham vā dharmaḥ teṣām yudhiṣṭhira
avaśyakāryaḥ iti eva śarīrasya kriyāḥ tathā

27. yudhiṣṭhira teṣām dharmaḥ na gavārtham vā yaśo'rtham.
tathā śarīrasya kriyāḥ avaśyakāryaḥ iti eva (bhavanti).

27. O Yudhishthira, their adherence to natural law (dharma) is not for the sake of wealth or fame. Similarly, their bodily actions are simply performed because they consider them an unavoidable duty.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• गवार्थम् (gavārtham) - for the sake of cows, for wealth

• यशो&#०३९;र्थम् (yaśo'rtham) - for the sake of fame

• वा (vā) - or

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira

• अवश्यकार्यः (avaśyakāryaḥ) - an unavoidable duty, something that must be done

• इति (iti) - thus, so, denoting direct speech or thought

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• शरीरस्य (śarīrasya) - of the body

• क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - actions, activities

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

गवार्थम् (gavārtham) - for the sake of cows, for wealth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gavārtha

gavārtha - for the sake of cows; for wealth

Compound formed from go (cow/wealth) + artha (purpose/sake)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+artha)

• go – cow, cattle, earth, ray of light, speech, wealth
  noun (masculine/feminine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √arth (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of'.

यशो&#०३९;र्थम् (yaśo'rtham) - for the sake of fame

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśo'rtha

yaśo'rtha - for the sake of fame

Compound formed from yaśas (fame) + artha (purpose/sake)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yaśas+artha)

• yaśas – fame, glory, renown, splendor
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √arth (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steadfast in battle')

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, steadfast
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  From root √sthā (to stand)
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

अवश्यकार्यः (avaśyakāryaḥ) - an unavoidable duty, something that must be done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaśyakārya

avaśyakārya - what must be done, unavoidable duty, imperative

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Compound of avaśya (necessarily) and kārya (to be done).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (avaśya+kārya)

• avaśya – necessarily, undoubtedly, certainly
  indeclinable
• kārya – to be done, what should be done, duty, action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ with suffix -ya
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, so, denoting direct speech or thought

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

शरीरस्य (śarīrasya) - of the body

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal form

क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - actions, activities

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kriyā

kriyā - action, activity, rite, performance

From root √kṛ (to do, make)

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)