महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-152, verse-16
द्वेषक्रोधप्रसक्ताश्च शिष्टाचारबहिष्कृताः ।
अन्तःक्षुरा वाङ्मधुराः कूपाश्छन्नास्तृणैरिव ।
धर्मवैतंसिकाः क्षुद्रा मुष्णन्ति ध्वजिनो जगत् ॥१६॥
अन्तःक्षुरा वाङ्मधुराः कूपाश्छन्नास्तृणैरिव ।
धर्मवैतंसिकाः क्षुद्रा मुष्णन्ति ध्वजिनो जगत् ॥१६॥
16. dveṣakrodhaprasaktāśca śiṣṭācārabahiṣkṛtāḥ ,
antaḥkṣurā vāṅmadhurāḥ kūpāśchannāstṛṇairiva ,
dharmavaitaṁsikāḥ kṣudrā muṣṇanti dhvajino jagat.
antaḥkṣurā vāṅmadhurāḥ kūpāśchannāstṛṇairiva ,
dharmavaitaṁsikāḥ kṣudrā muṣṇanti dhvajino jagat.
16.
dveṣakrodhaprasaktāḥ ca śiṣṭācārabahiṣkṛtāḥ
antaḥkṣurāḥ vāk madhurāḥ kūpāḥ
channāḥ tṛṇaiḥ iva dharmavaitaṃsikāḥ
kṣudrāḥ muṣṇanti dhvajinaḥ jagat
antaḥkṣurāḥ vāk madhurāḥ kūpāḥ
channāḥ tṛṇaiḥ iva dharmavaitaṃsikāḥ
kṣudrāḥ muṣṇanti dhvajinaḥ jagat
16.
dveṣakrodhaprasaktāḥ ca śiṣṭācārabahiṣkṛtāḥ
antaḥkṣurāḥ vāk madhurāḥ tṛṇaiḥ
channāḥ kūpāḥ iva dharmavaitaṃsikāḥ
kṣudrāḥ dhvajinaḥ jagat muṣṇanti
antaḥkṣurāḥ vāk madhurāḥ tṛṇaiḥ
channāḥ kūpāḥ iva dharmavaitaṃsikāḥ
kṣudrāḥ dhvajinaḥ jagat muṣṇanti
16.
Those who are engrossed in hatred and anger (dveṣakrodhaprasaktāḥ), excluded from good conduct (śiṣṭācārabahiṣkṛtāḥ), with daggers hidden within (antaḥkṣurāḥ) but sweet-tongued (vāṅmadhurāḥ), are like wells covered with grass. Such wretched (kṣudrāḥ) hypocrites (dharmavaitaṃsikāḥ) who bear false banners (dhvajinaḥ) plunder the world (jagat).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- द्वेषक्रोधप्रसक्ताः (dveṣakrodhaprasaktāḥ) - those engrossed in hatred and anger (engrossed in hatred and anger)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- शिष्टाचारबहिष्कृताः (śiṣṭācārabahiṣkṛtāḥ) - excluded from good conduct (excluded from good conduct, outside of polite behavior)
- अन्तःक्षुराः (antaḥkṣurāḥ) - with daggers hidden within (with a dagger inside, having inner daggers)
- वाक् (vāk) - tongue (for speech) (speech, voice, word)
- मधुराः (madhurāḥ) - sweet-tongued (sweet, charming, pleasant)
- कूपाः (kūpāḥ) - wells (wells, pits)
- छन्नाः (channāḥ) - covered (covered, concealed, hidden)
- तृणैः (tṛṇaiḥ) - with grass (by grasses, with blades of grass)
- इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)
- धर्मवैतंसिकाः (dharmavaitaṁsikāḥ) - hypocrites (dharmavaitaṃsikāḥ) (religious hypocrites, those who falsely use dharma)
- क्षुद्राः (kṣudrāḥ) - wretched (wretched, mean, small, insignificant)
- मुष्णन्ति (muṣṇanti) - plunder (they steal, they plunder, they rob)
- ध्वजिनः (dhvajinaḥ) - who bear false banners (bearing a banner, hypocritical (literally 'flag-bearer'))
- जगत् (jagat) - the world (the world, universe, all that moves)
Words meanings and morphology
द्वेषक्रोधप्रसक्ताः (dveṣakrodhaprasaktāḥ) - those engrossed in hatred and anger (engrossed in hatred and anger)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dveṣakrodhaprasakta
dveṣakrodhaprasakta - addicted to hatred and anger, engrossed in malice and wrath
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dveṣa+krodha+prasakta)
- dveṣa – hatred, enmity, dislike, aversion
noun (masculine)
From root dviṣ (to hate)
Root: dviṣ (class 2) - krodha – anger, wrath, rage
noun (masculine)
From root krudh (to be angry)
Root: krudh (class 4) - prasakta – attached, devoted, engrossed, addicted
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From pra + sañj (to cling, attach)
Prefix: pra
Root: sañj (class 1)
Note: Used substantively
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
शिष्टाचारबहिष्कृताः (śiṣṭācārabahiṣkṛtāḥ) - excluded from good conduct (excluded from good conduct, outside of polite behavior)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śiṣṭācārabahiṣkṛta
śiṣṭācārabahiṣkṛta - excluded from good conduct, cast out from polite society, violating tradition
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śiṣṭācāra+bahiṣkṛta)
- śiṣṭācāra – good conduct, polite behavior, traditional custom
noun (masculine)
From śiṣṭa (disciplined) + ācāra (conduct) - bahiṣkṛta – excluded, cast out, banished, expelled
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From bahis (outside) + kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Used substantively
अन्तःक्षुराः (antaḥkṣurāḥ) - with daggers hidden within (with a dagger inside, having inner daggers)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of antaḥkṣura
antaḥkṣura - having a dagger inside, with inner daggers (figuratively: malicious at heart)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (antar+kṣura)
- antar – within, inside, internal
indeclinable - kṣura – razor, knife, dagger, sharp blade
noun (masculine)
वाक् (vāk) - tongue (for speech) (speech, voice, word)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc
vāc - speech, voice, word, language
From root vac (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)
मधुराः (madhurāḥ) - sweet-tongued (sweet, charming, pleasant)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of madhura
madhura - sweet, charming, pleasant, melodious
Note: Agrees with vāc (implicitly vācaḥ madhurāḥ)
कूपाः (kūpāḥ) - wells (wells, pits)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kūpa
kūpa - well, pit, hole
छन्नाः (channāḥ) - covered (covered, concealed, hidden)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of channa
channa - covered, concealed, hidden, disguised
Past Passive Participle
From root chad (to cover)
Root: chad (class 1)
तृणैः (tṛṇaiḥ) - with grass (by grasses, with blades of grass)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of tṛṇa
tṛṇa - grass, blade of grass, straw
इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)
(indeclinable)
धर्मवैतंसिकाः (dharmavaitaṁsikāḥ) - hypocrites (dharmavaitaṃsikāḥ) (religious hypocrites, those who falsely use dharma)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmavaitaṃsika
dharmavaitaṁsika - religious hypocrite, one who pretends to observe religious duties, deceitful in dharma
From dharma + vitaṃsa (a snare/bait), then suffix -ika
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vitaṃsika)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, religion
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ (to hold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - vitaṃsika – one who sets a snare, deceiver, hypocrite (from vitaṃsa - snare/bait)
adjective (masculine)
Note: Used substantively
क्षुद्राः (kṣudrāḥ) - wretched (wretched, mean, small, insignificant)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudra
kṣudra - small, mean, base, wretched, insignificant, vile
मुष्णन्ति (muṣṇanti) - plunder (they steal, they plunder, they rob)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (Lat) of muṣ
From root muṣ (9th class verb)
Root: muṣ (class 9)
ध्वजिनः (dhvajinaḥ) - who bear false banners (bearing a banner, hypocritical (literally 'flag-bearer'))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dhvajin
dhvajin - bearing a banner, having a flag, marked by a sign, hypocritical
Derived from dhvaja (banner, mark) with suffix -in
जगत् (jagat) - the world (the world, universe, all that moves)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of jagat
jagat - the world, universe, all that moves, living beings
Present Active Participle (substantivized)
From root gam (to go, move)
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Also could be nominative singular