महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-152, verse-12

यो न पूरयितुं शक्यो लोभः प्राप्त्या कुरूद्वह ।
नित्यं गम्भीरतोयाभिरापगाभिरिवोदधिः ।
न प्रहृष्यति लाभैर्यो यश्च कामैर्न तृप्यति ॥१२॥

12. yo na pūrayituṁ śakyo lobhaḥ prāptyā kurūdvaha ,
nityaṁ gambhīratoyābhirāpagābhirivodadhiḥ ,
na prahṛṣyati lābhairyo yaśca kāmairna tṛpyati.

12. yaḥ na pūrayitum śakyaḥ lobhaḥ prāptyā
kurūdvaha nityam gambhīratoyābhiḥ
āpagābhiḥ iva udadhiḥ na prahṛṣyati
lābhaiḥ yaḥ ca kāmaiḥ na tṛpyati

12. kurūdvaha,
lobhaḥ yaḥ prāptyā na pūrayitum śakyaḥ,
udadhiḥ iva nityam gambhīratoyābhiḥ āpagābhiḥ.
ca yaḥ lābhaiḥ na prahṛṣyati kāmaiḥ na tṛpyati

12. O scion of Kuru, greed is that which cannot be filled by acquisitions, just as the ocean is never filled by perpetually deep-watered rivers. And one who possesses this (greed) is neither delighted by gains nor satisfied by desires.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - Referring to 'lobhaḥ' and later, the person possessed by greed. (who, which, that)

• न (na) - not, no

• पूरयितुम् (pūrayitum) - to fill, to complete

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - able to be filled (able to, possible, capable of being done)

• लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, avarice, covetousness

• प्राप्त्या (prāptyā) - by attainment, by acquisition, by gaining

• कुरूद्वह (kurūdvaha) - An address to a Kuru prince (e.g., Arjuna or Dhṛtarāṣṭra). (O scion/best of the Kurus)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• गम्भीरतोयाभिः (gambhīratoyābhiḥ) - By the perpetually deep-watered rivers. (by those with deep waters)

• आपगाभिः (āpagābhiḥ) - by rivers

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उदधिः (udadhiḥ) - ocean, sea

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रहृष्यति (prahṛṣyati) - rejoices, is delighted, becomes happy

• लाभैः (lābhaiḥ) - by gains, by acquisitions, by profits

• यः (yaḥ) - Referring to the person characterized by greed. (who, which, that)

• च (ca) - and, also

• कामैः (kāmaiḥ) - by desires, by pleasures

• न (na) - not, no

• तृप्यति (tṛpyati) - is satisfied, is content

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - Referring to 'lobhaḥ' and later, the person possessed by greed. (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पूरयितुम् (pūrayitum) - to fill, to complete

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive from causal of pṛ (to fill).

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Used with 'śakyaḥ' to mean 'able to be filled'.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - able to be filled (able to, possible, capable of being done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable, fit to be done

gerundive

Gerundive/potential passive participle from śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, avarice, covetousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, avarice, covetousness, desire

Root: lubh (class 4)

प्राप्त्या (prāptyā) - by attainment, by acquisition, by gaining

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prāpti

prāpti - attainment, acquisition, gain, reaching

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

कुरूद्वह (kurūdvaha) - An address to a Kuru prince (e.g., Arjuna or Dhṛtarāṣṭra). (O scion/best of the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurūdvaha

kurūdvaha - scion of Kuru, best of Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+udvaha)

• kuru – name of an ancient king, his descendants
  proper noun (masculine)
• udvaha – bearing, carrying, leading, chief
  noun (masculine)
  From ud + vah.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vah (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage, here modifying 'gambhīratoyābhiḥ āpagābhiḥ'.

गम्भीरतोयाभिः (gambhīratoyābhiḥ) - By the perpetually deep-watered rivers. (by those with deep waters)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of gambhīratoya

gambhīratoya - having deep waters

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gambhīra+toya)

• gambhīra – deep, profound, serious
  adjective (masculine)
• toya – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'āpagābhiḥ'.

आपगाभिः (āpagābhiḥ) - by rivers

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of āpagā

āpagā - river

From āp (to obtain) + gā (goer).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

उदधिः (udadhiḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udadhi

udadhi - ocean, sea, large body of water

Prefix: ud

Root: dhā (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रहृष्यति (prahṛṣyati) - rejoices, is delighted, becomes happy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of prahṛṣ

present active

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

लाभैः (lābhaiḥ) - by gains, by acquisitions, by profits

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of lābha

lābha - gain, acquisition, profit, obtaining

Root: labh (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - Referring to the person characterized by greed. (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कामैः (kāmaiḥ) - by desires, by pleasures

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, pleasure

Root: kam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तृप्यति (tṛpyati) - is satisfied, is content

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of tṛp

present active

Root: tṛp (class 4)