महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-109, verse-15

दशैव तु सदाचार्यः श्रोत्रियानतिरिच्यते ।
दशाचार्यानुपाध्याय उपाध्यायान्पिता दश ॥१५॥

15. daśaiva tu sadācāryaḥ śrotriyānatiricyate ,
daśācāryānupādhyāya upādhyāyānpitā daśa.

15. daśa eva tu sadācāryaḥ śrotriyān atiricyate |
daśa ācāryān upādhyāyaḥ upādhyāyān pitā daśa

15. daśa eva tu sadācāryaḥ śrotriyān atiricyate upādhyāyaḥ daśa
ācāryān (atiricyate) pitā daśa upādhyāyān (atiricyate)

15. Indeed, an excellent teacher (ācārya) surpasses ten learned Brahmins (śrotriya). A sub-teacher (upādhyāya) surpasses ten teachers. A father surpasses ten sub-teachers.

Words meanings summery:

• दश (daśa) - ten

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

• सदाचार्यः (sadācāryaḥ) - a good teacher, an excellent preceptor

• श्रोत्रियान् (śrotriyān) - learned Brahmins, those learned in the Vedas

• अतिरिच्यते (atiricyate) - excels, surpasses, is superior

• दश (daśa) - ten

• आचार्यान् (ācāryān) - teachers, preceptors

• उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ) - a sub-teacher, a preceptor (who teaches a part of the Veda)

• उपाध्यायान् (upādhyāyān) - sub-teachers, preceptors

• पिता (pitā) - father

• दश (daśa) - ten

Words meanings and morphology

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Often appears as the first member of a compound or as an uninflected numeral.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive or adversative particle.

सदाचार्यः (sadācāryaḥ) - a good teacher, an excellent preceptor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadācārya

sadācārya - a good teacher, a virtuous teacher, an excellent preceptor

Compound of sat (good) and ācārya (teacher).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+ācārya)

• sat – good, virtuous, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be), present participle.
  Root: as (class 2)
• ācārya – teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide
  noun (masculine)
  From root car with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'atiricyate'.

श्रोत्रियान् (śrotriyān) - learned Brahmins, those learned in the Vedas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śrotriya

śrotriya - a Brahmin learned in the Vedas, one who performs sacrifices

Derived from śrotra (ear, Veda).

Note: Object of comparison for 'atiricyate'.

अतिरिच्यते (atiricyate) - excels, surpasses, is superior

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of atiric

Present Passive Indicative

Root ric (class 7), passive/middle form with prefix ati.

Prefix: ati

Root: ric (class 7)

Note: The root 'ric' in passive means 'to be surpassed, to excel'.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Often appears as the first member of a compound or as an uninflected numeral.

आचार्यान् (ācāryān) - teachers, preceptors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

From root car with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison.

उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ) - a sub-teacher, a preceptor (who teaches a part of the Veda)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - a sub-teacher, a spiritual instructor, a preceptor (who teaches only a part of the Veda or subsidiary sciences)

From root i (to go, study) with prefixes upa and adhi.

Prefixes: upa+adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject of an implied 'atiricyate'.

उपाध्यायान् (upādhyāyān) - sub-teachers, preceptors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - a sub-teacher, a spiritual instructor, a preceptor

From root i (to go, study) with prefixes upa and adhi.

Prefixes: upa+adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of comparison.

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Subject of an implied 'atiricyate'.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Often appears as the first member of a compound or as an uninflected numeral.