महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-24, verse-28

कथं च नायं तत्रापि पुत्रान्मे भ्रातृभिः सह ।
विरोधयेदृजुप्रज्ञाननृजुर्मधुसूदन ॥२८॥

28. kathaṁ ca nāyaṁ tatrāpi putrānme bhrātṛbhiḥ saha ,
virodhayedṛjuprajñānanṛjurmadhusūdana.

28. katham ca na ayam tatra api putrān me bhrātṛbhiḥ
saha virodhayet ṛjuprājña anṛjuḥ madhusūdana

28. madhusūdana ṛjuprājña ca ayam anṛjuḥ tatra api
me putrān bhrātṛbhiḥ saha katham na virodhayet

28. O Madhusūdana, O you of straightforward wisdom, how will this crooked one (Duryodhana) not cause conflict between my sons and their brothers even in that situation?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• न (na) - not, no

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that case

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons, children

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers, with brothers

• सह (saha) - with, together with, along with

• विरोधयेत् (virodhayet) - may he cause conflict, he should cause enmity

• ऋजुप्राज्ञ (ṛjuprājña) - Addressed to Kṛṣṇa, implying his upright nature. (O straightforward-minded one, O one with clear intellect)

• अनृजुः (anṛjuḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana, as the instigator of conflict. (crooked, dishonest, not straight)

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that case

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons, children

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers, with brothers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

सह (saha) - with, together with, along with

(indeclinable)

विरोधयेत् (virodhayet) - may he cause conflict, he should cause enmity

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of virodhay

Causative verb

Causative form derived from vi-√rudh (to obstruct, hinder).

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

ऋजुप्राज्ञ (ṛjuprājña) - Addressed to Kṛṣṇa, implying his upright nature. (O straightforward-minded one, O one with clear intellect)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ṛjuprājña

ṛjuprājña - straightforward in understanding, sincere, honest-minded

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ṛju+prajñā)

• ṛju – straight, direct, honest, upright
  adjective (masculine)
• prajñā – wisdom, intelligence, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

अनृजुः (anṛjuḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana, as the instigator of conflict. (crooked, dishonest, not straight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anṛju

anṛju - crooked, dishonest, not straight, deceitful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+ṛju)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ṛju – straight, direct, honest, upright
  adjective (masculine)

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of Madhu (demon)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, name of a demon
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroyer, slayer, subduer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root √sūd (to destroy, kill).
  Root: sūd (class 10)