महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-11, chapter-24, verse-15
एको द्वाभ्यां हतः शेषे त्वमधर्मेण धार्मिकः ।
इति यूपध्वजस्यैताः स्त्रियः क्रोशन्ति माधव ॥१५॥
इति यूपध्वजस्यैताः स्त्रियः क्रोशन्ति माधव ॥१५॥
15. eko dvābhyāṁ hataḥ śeṣe tvamadharmeṇa dhārmikaḥ ,
iti yūpadhvajasyaitāḥ striyaḥ krośanti mādhava.
iti yūpadhvajasyaitāḥ striyaḥ krośanti mādhava.
15.
ekaḥ dvābhyām hataḥ śeṣe tvam adharmeṇa dhārmikaḥ
iti yūpadhvajasya etāḥ striyaḥ krośanti mādhava
iti yūpadhvajasya etāḥ striyaḥ krośanti mādhava
15.
mādhava ekaḥ dvābhyām hataḥ (asti) tvam ca śeṣe adharmeṇa
dhārmikaḥ (asi) iti yūpadhvajasya etāḥ striyaḥ krośanti
dhārmikaḥ (asi) iti yūpadhvajasya etāḥ striyaḥ krośanti
15.
"One man was killed by two, and in this remaining situation, you, O righteous one, have allowed this through unrighteousness (adharma)!" Thus, O Madhava, these women of Yūpadhvaja lament.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एकः (ekaḥ) - one, a single
- द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - by two, with two
- हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, slain
- शेषे (śeṣe) - in the remainder, in the end, in the remaining situation
- त्वम् (tvam) - you
- अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, by injustice, by wrong (adharma)
- धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous, virtuous, just
- इति (iti) - thus, so, saying
- यूपध्वजस्य (yūpadhvajasya) - of Yūpadhvaja
- एताः (etāḥ) - these (feminine)
- स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women
- क्रोशन्ति (krośanti) - they cry out, they lament, they wail
- माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)
Words meanings and morphology
एकः (ekaḥ) - one, a single
(numeral)
द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - by two, with two
(numeral)
हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, slain
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hata
hata - killed, struck, destroyed
Past Passive Participle
root 'han' with suffix '-kta'
Root: han (class 2)
शेषे (śeṣe) - in the remainder, in the end, in the remaining situation
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śeṣa
śeṣa - remainder, residue, end, balance
त्वम् (tvam) - you
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, by injustice, by wrong (adharma)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharma
adharma - unrighteousness, wrong, injustice (adharma)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue (dharma)
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous, virtuous, just
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārmika
dhārmika - righteous, virtuous, just, conforming to (dharma)
derived from 'dharma' with suffix 'ṭhak'
इति (iti) - thus, so, saying
(indeclinable)
यूपध्वजस्य (yūpadhvajasya) - of Yūpadhvaja
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yūpadhvaja
yūpadhvaja - Yūpadhvaja (proper noun: one whose banner is a sacrificial post)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yūpa+dhvaja)
- yūpa – sacrificial post
noun (masculine) - dhvaja – banner, flag, sign
noun (masculine)
एताः (etāḥ) - these (feminine)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of strī
strī - woman, wife, female
क्रोशन्ति (krośanti) - they cry out, they lament, they wail
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kruś
Root: kruś (class 1)
माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava
mādhava - Madhava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa, 'descendant of Madhu')