महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-24, verse-13

बीभत्सुरतिबीभत्सं कर्मेदमकरोत्कथम् ।
प्रमत्तस्य यदच्छैत्सीद्बाहुं शूरस्य यज्वनः ॥१३॥

13. bībhatsuratibībhatsaṁ karmedamakarotkatham ,
pramattasya yadacchaitsīdbāhuṁ śūrasya yajvanaḥ.

13. bībhatsuḥ atibībhatsam karma idam akarot katham |
pramattasya yat acchaitsīt bāhum śūrasya yajvanaḥ

13. katham bībhatsuḥ idam atibībhatsam karma akarot
yat pramattasya śūrasya yajvanaḥ bāhum acchaitsīt

13. How could Bibhatsu (Arjuna) have performed this extremely heinous deed, namely, that he cut off the arm of that brave performer of Vedic rituals (yajvan) who was heedless?

Words meanings summery:

• बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Bibhatsu (epithet of Arjuna), disgusted, repulsive

• अतिबीभत्सम् (atibībhatsam) - extremely heinous, very disgusting

• कर्म (karma) - deed, action

• इदम् (idam) - this

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he did, performed

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• प्रमत्तस्य (pramattasya) - of the heedless, of the intoxicated, of the careless

• यत् (yat) - that, which, inasmuch as

• अच्छैत्सीत् (acchaitsīt) - he cut off

• बाहुम् (bāhum) - arm

• शूरस्य (śūrasya) - of the brave, of the hero

• यज्वनः (yajvanaḥ) - of the sacrificer, of the performer of Vedic rituals

Words meanings and morphology

बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Bibhatsu (epithet of Arjuna), disgusted, repulsive

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - Bibhatsu (Arjuna's epithet meaning "one who abhors foul deeds" or "one who inspires disgust in enemies"), disgusted

Intensified desiderative from root 'badh'

Formed from the desiderative of root 'badh' (to oppress, to torment), expressing intense desire not to perform a foul deed or to be repulsive to enemies.

Root: badh (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'akarot'.

अतिबीभत्सम् (atibībhatsam) - extremely heinous, very disgusting

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atibībhatsa

atibībhatsa - very disgusting, extremely repulsive

Compound: 'ati' (very, exceedingly) + 'bībhatsa' (disgusting, hateful). 'Bībhatsa' is from desiderative of 'badh'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+bībhatsa)

• ati – very, exceedingly, beyond
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix indicating excess or transgression.
• bībhatsa – disgusting, repulsive, hateful
  adjective
  Desiderative of 'badh'
  Formed from the desiderative of root 'badh' (to oppress, to torment), meaning "desirous of not tormenting" or "causing disgust".
  Root: badh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - deed, action

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate

From root 'kṛ' (to do, to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'akarot'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he did, performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject is 'bībhatsuḥ'.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

Note: Introduces the question.

प्रमत्तस्य (pramattasya) - of the heedless, of the intoxicated, of the careless

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pramatta

pramatta - heedless, careless, intoxicated, mad

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'pra' + root 'mad' (to be intoxicated, delighted, reckless).

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Past passive participle. Qualifies 'yajvanaḥ'.

यत् (yat) - that, which, inasmuch as

(pronoun)

of yad

yad - which, that, inasmuch as, because

Relative pronoun, neuter singular nominative/accusative, often used to introduce a clause explaining or specifying the preceding statement.

Note: Connects the question to the specific act.

अच्छैत्सीत् (acchaitsīt) - he cut off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of chid

Aorist, 3rd person singular, active voice

Formed from root 'chid'. The 'a' is augment.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Verb of the subordinate clause.

बाहुम् (bāhum) - arm

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāhu

bāhu - arm, forearm

Note: Object of 'acchaitsīt'.

शूरस्य (śūrasya) - of the brave, of the hero

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, hero

Root: śūr (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'yajvanaḥ'.

यज्वनः (yajvanaḥ) - of the sacrificer, of the performer of Vedic rituals

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yajvan

yajvan - sacrificer, performer of Vedic rituals, pious person

Agent noun

From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Indicates possession for 'bāhum'.