महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-17, verse-6

इत्युक्ते जानती सर्वमहं स्वं व्यसनागमम् ।
अब्रुवं पुरुषव्याघ्र यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः ॥६॥

6. ityukte jānatī sarvamahaṁ svaṁ vyasanāgamam ,
abruvaṁ puruṣavyāghra yato dharmastato jayaḥ.

6. iti ukte jānantī sarvam aham svam vyasanāgamam
abruvam puruṣavyāghra yataḥ dharmaḥ tataḥ jayaḥ

6. iti ukte aham svam sarvam vyasanāgamam jānantī
abruvam puruṣavyāghra yataḥ dharmaḥ tataḥ jayaḥ

6. When this was said (ityukte), I, knowing fully well my own impending calamity (vyasanāgamam), spoke (abruvam), "O tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra) (Krishna)! Where there is natural law (dharma), there is victory (jaya)."

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so)

• उक्ते (ukte) - when this was said (by Duryodhana) (having been said, spoken)

• जानन्ती (jānantī) - knowing (I, Gandhari) (knowing, understanding)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (the impending calamity) (all, whole, entire)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Gandhari) (I)

• स्वम् (svam) - my own (one's own, my own)

• व्यसनागमम् (vyasanāgamam) - my impending calamity (coming of misfortune, arrival of calamity)

• अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I spoke (I spoke, I said)

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men! (addressing Krishna) (O tiger among men!, O excellent man!)

• यतः (yataḥ) - where (from where, whence, because)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution)

• ततः (tataḥ) - there, therefore (from there, thence, therefore, then)

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory (victory, triumph)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Precedes `ukte` (having been said).

उक्ते (ukte) - when this was said (by Duryodhana) (having been said, spoken)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √vac (to speak) or √brū (to speak), suffix -ta.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

जानन्ती (jānantī) - knowing (I, Gandhari) (knowing, understanding)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, understanding, wise

Present Active Participle

Formed from root √jñā (to know), feminine nominative singular.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies `aham`.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (the impending calamity) (all, whole, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Neuter accusative singular.

Note: Qualifies `vyasanāgamam`.

अहम् (aham) - I (Gandhari) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun, nominative singular.

स्वम् (svam) - my own (one's own, my own)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, his/her/its own, my own

Neuter accusative singular.

Note: Qualifies `vyasanāgamam`.

व्यसनागमम् (vyasanāgamam) - my impending calamity (coming of misfortune, arrival of calamity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasanāgama

vyasanāgama - arrival of misfortune/calamity

From vyasana (misfortune) + āgama (coming/arrival).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyasana+āgama)

• vyasana – misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction
  noun (neuter)
  From root √as with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: as (class 4)
• āgama – coming, arrival, acquisition, tradition
  noun (masculine)
  From root √gam (to go) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of `jānantī`.

अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I spoke (I spoke, I said)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 1st person singular, active voice. From root √brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The speaker is Gandhari (`aham`).

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men! (addressing Krishna) (O tiger among men!, O excellent man!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, excellent man

From puruṣa (man) + vyāghra (tiger).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being; the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
  From root √pṛ (to fill, protect) or from pṛṣ (sprinkle).
  Root: pṛ (class 3)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ghrā (to smell) with prefixes vi and ā. Used metaphorically to mean 'best' or 'foremost'.
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: ghrā (class 1)

Note: Direct address to Krishna.

यतः (yataḥ) - where (from where, whence, because)

(indeclinable)

From relative pronoun 'yad' with suffix -tas.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support), masculine a-stem noun.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the clause.

ततः (tataḥ) - there, therefore (from there, thence, therefore, then)

(indeclinable)

From demonstrative pronoun 'tad' with suffix -tas.

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory (victory, triumph)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

From root √ji (to conquer), masculine a-stem noun.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of the clause.