महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-17, verse-5

उपस्थितेऽस्मिन्संग्रामे ज्ञातीनां संक्षये विभो ।
मामयं प्राह वार्ष्णेय प्राञ्जलिर्नृपसत्तमः ।
अस्मिञ्ज्ञातिसमुद्धर्षे जयमम्बा ब्रवीतु मे ॥५॥

5. upasthite'sminsaṁgrāme jñātīnāṁ saṁkṣaye vibho ,
māmayaṁ prāha vārṣṇeya prāñjalirnṛpasattamaḥ ,
asmiñjñātisamuddharṣe jayamambā bravītu me.

5. upasthite asmin saṅgrāme jñātīnām
saṃkṣaye vibho mām ayam prāha vārṣṇeya
prāñjaliḥ nṛpasattamaḥ asmin
jñātisamuddharṣe jayam ambā bravītu me

5. vibho asmin saṅgrāme jñātīnām saṃkṣaye
upasthite ayam nṛpasattamaḥ
prāñjaliḥ mām prāha vārṣṇeya asmin
jñātisamuddharṣe ambā me jayam bravītu

5. O Lord (vibho)! When this battle (saṅgrāme) involving the annihilation (saṃkṣaye) of our kinsmen (jñātīnām) was imminent, this supreme king (nṛpasattamaḥ) (Duryodhana), with folded hands (prāñjaliḥ), said to me, "O Mother, may you declare victory (jayam) for me in this great struggle (jñātisamuddharṣe) among kinsmen."

Words meanings summery:

• उपस्थिते (upasthite) - having arrived, being imminent (having approached, being present, imminent)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in this battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)

• ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of kinsmen (of relatives, of kinsmen)

• संक्षये (saṁkṣaye) - in the annihilation (of kinsmen) (in the destruction, in the annihilation)

• विभो (vibho) - O Lord! (addressing Krishna) (O Lord!, O mighty one!)

• माम् (mām) - to me (me (accusative))

• अयम् (ayam) - this (Duryodhana) (this (masculine nominative singular))

• प्राह (prāha) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - O Krishna (vārṣṇeya)! (descendant of Vrishni (Krishna))

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (Duryodhana to his mother) (with folded hands (in reverence or supplication))

• नृपसत्तमः (nṛpasattamaḥ) - the best of kings (Duryodhana) (best of kings)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• ज्ञातिसमुद्धर्षे (jñātisamuddharṣe) - in this fierce struggle among kinsmen (in the great struggle/conflict of kinsmen)

• जयम् (jayam) - victory (victory, triumph)

• अम्बा (ambā) - O Mother! (vocative, Duryodhana addressing Gandhari) (mother)

• ब्रवीतु (bravītu) - may you (mother) declare (victory) (may he/she/it speak, let him/her/it speak)

• मे (me) - for me (for me, to me, my)

Words meanings and morphology

उपस्थिते (upasthite) - having arrived, being imminent (having approached, being present, imminent)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - approached, present, imminent, ready

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √sthā with prefix upa, suffix -ta.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with `asmin saṅgrāme`.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter locative singular.

Note: Qualifies `saṅgrāme`.

सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in this battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, conflict

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of kinsmen (of relatives, of kinsmen)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - relative, kinsman, caste, family

i-stem masculine noun.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Connected to `saṃkṣaye`.

संक्षये (saṁkṣaye) - in the annihilation (of kinsmen) (in the destruction, in the annihilation)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃkṣaya

saṁkṣaya - destruction, annihilation, decrease, loss

From root √kṣi (to destroy) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with `upasthite`.

विभो (vibho) - O Lord! (addressing Krishna) (O Lord!, O mighty one!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - omnipresent, powerful, lord, ruler

u-stem masculine noun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Direct address to Krishna.

माम् (mām) - to me (me (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun, accusative singular.

Note: Object of `prāha`.

अयम् (ayam) - this (Duryodhana) (this (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

Note: Subject of `prāha`.

प्राह (prāha) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of praāh

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. From root √ah (to say) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - O Krishna (vārṣṇeya)! (descendant of Vrishni (Krishna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - a descendant of Vrishni, belonging to the Vrishni race (an epithet of Krishna)

Patronymic from Vṛṣṇi.

Note: Direct address to Krishna.

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (Duryodhana to his mother) (with folded hands (in reverence or supplication))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - having folded hands, showing reverence, supplicating

Formed from pra + añjali (folded hands).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forth, forward
  indeclinable
  An intensifier or directional prefix.
• añjali – the hollow of the two hands placed together, folded hands (in prayer/respect)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `nṛpasattamaḥ`.

नृपसत्तमः (nṛpasattamaḥ) - the best of kings (Duryodhana) (best of kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best of kings, chief of rulers

Formed from nṛpa (king) + sattama (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From nṛ (man) + √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 1)
• sattama – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama, from 'sat' (good/existent).

Note: Subject of `prāha`.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine locative singular.

Note: Qualifies `jñātisamuddharṣe`.

ज्ञातिसमुद्धर्षे (jñātisamuddharṣe) - in this fierce struggle among kinsmen (in the great struggle/conflict of kinsmen)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jñātisamuddharṣa

jñātisamuddharṣa - great conflict/struggle of relatives, severe strife among kinsmen

From jñāti (kinsman) + samuddharṣa (great strife/exasperation).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāti+samuddharṣa)

• jñāti – kinsman, relative
  noun (masculine)
  From root √jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• samuddharṣa – great joy, violent excitement, great strife/conflict
  noun (masculine)
  From root √hṛṣ (to be excited) with prefixes sam and ud.
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Kurukshetra war.

जयम् (jayam) - victory (victory, triumph)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

From root √ji (to conquer).

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of `bravītu`.

अम्बा (ambā) - O Mother! (vocative, Duryodhana addressing Gandhari) (mother)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of ambā

ambā - mother, good woman

Feminine a-stem noun.

Note: Direct address by Duryodhana.

ब्रवीतु (bravītu) - may you (mother) declare (victory) (may he/she/it speak, let him/her/it speak)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice. From root √brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

मे (me) - for me (for me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun, dative/genitive singular (here dative).

Note: Indirect object of `bravītu`.