महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-17, verse-12

यं पुरा पर्युपासीना रमयन्ति महीक्षितः ।
महीतलस्थं निहतं गृध्रास्तं पर्युपासते ॥१२॥

12. yaṁ purā paryupāsīnā ramayanti mahīkṣitaḥ ,
mahītalasthaṁ nihataṁ gṛdhrāstaṁ paryupāsate.

12. yam purā paryupāsīnāḥ ramayanti mahīkṣitaḥ |
mahītalastham nihatam gṛdhrāḥ tam paryupāsate

12. purā mahīkṣitaḥ yam paryupāsīnāḥ ramayanti,
tam mahītalastham nihatam gṛdhrāḥ paryupāsate

12. He whom kings formerly sat around and delighted, that same person, now lying slain on the ground, vultures attend.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• पर्युपासीनाः (paryupāsīnāḥ) - sitting around, attending, worshipping

• रमयन्ति (ramayanti) - they delight, they cause to rejoice, they please

• महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

• महीतलस्थम् (mahītalastham) - lying on the ground, situated on the earth's surface

• निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed, struck down

• गृध्राः (gṛdhrāḥ) - vultures

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• पर्युपासते (paryupāsate) - they sit around, they attend, they worship

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

पर्युपासीनाः (paryupāsīnāḥ) - sitting around, attending, worshipping

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paryupāsīna

paryupāsīna - sitting around, attending

Present Middle Participle

Prefixes: pari+upa

Root: ās (class 2)

रमयन्ति (ramayanti) - they delight, they cause to rejoice, they please

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ram

Root: ram (class 10)

महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, ruler (literally 'earth-ruler')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – ruling, dwelling, lord
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

महीतलस्थम् (mahītalastham) - lying on the ground, situated on the earth's surface

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahītalastha

mahītalastha - standing/lying on the ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahītala+stha)

• mahītala – surface of the earth, ground
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed, struck down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

गृध्राः (gṛdhrāḥ) - vultures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पर्युपासते (paryupāsate) - they sit around, they attend, they worship

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of paryupās

Prefixes: pari+upa

Root: ās (class 2)