महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-36, verse-20

स राजा क्रोधमुत्सृज्य व्यथितस्तं तथागतम् ।
दृष्ट्वा जगाम नगरमृषिस्त्वास्ते तथैव सः ॥२०॥

20. sa rājā krodhamutsṛjya vyathitastaṁ tathāgatam ,
dṛṣṭvā jagāma nagaramṛṣistvāste tathaiva saḥ.

20. saḥ rājā krodham utsṛjya vyathitaḥ tam tathāgatam
dṛṣṭvā jagāma nagaram ṛṣiḥ tu āste tathaiva saḥ

20. That king, abandoning his anger and becoming distressed upon seeing the sage in such a state, returned to his city. But the sage remained just as he was.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger (anger, wrath)

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning (having abandoned, having given up)

• व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed (distressed, troubled, agitated)

• तम् (tam) - him (the sage) (him, that)

• तथागतम् (tathāgatam) - in such a state (of silence/immobility) (one who has arrived in such a state, thus come)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen)

• जगाम (jagāma) - returned (went) (he went, he has gone)

• नगरम् (nagaram) - to the city (city, town)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage (sage, seer)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand)

• आस्ते (āste) - remained (he sits, he remains)

• तथैव (tathaiva) - just as before (just so, in the same way, as before)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the sage) (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger (anger, wrath)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury

action_noun

from root krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Prefix: ud

Root: sṛj (class 6)

व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed (distressed, troubled, agitated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, troubled, agitated

past_passive_participle

from root vyath

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `rājā`.

तम् (tam) - him (the sage) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the sage.

तथागतम् (tathāgatam) - in such a state (of silence/immobility) (one who has arrived in such a state, thus come)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tathāgata

tathāgata - one who has arrived in such a state, thus come, gone

past_passive_participle

from root gam with indeclinable `tathā` as prefix

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tathā+gata)

• tathā – thus, in that manner
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, arrived, gone to
  adjective (masculine)
  past_passive_participle
  from root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `tam`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Root: dṛś (class 1)

जगाम (jagāma) - returned (went) (he went, he has gone)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

नगरम् (nagaram) - to the city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Acts as the object of `jagāma` indicating destination.

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

आस्ते (āste) - remained (he sits, he remains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Root: ās (class 2)

तथैव (tathaiva) - just as before (just so, in the same way, as before)

(indeclinable)

`tathā` + `eva`

सः (saḥ) - he (the sage) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Redundant pronoun, emphasizing the sage.