महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-36, verse-18

स मुनिस्तस्य नोवाच किंचिन्मौनव्रते स्थितः ।
तस्य स्कन्धे मृतं सर्पं क्रुद्धो राजा समासजत् ॥१८॥

18. sa munistasya novāca kiṁcinmaunavrate sthitaḥ ,
tasya skandhe mṛtaṁ sarpaṁ kruddho rājā samāsajat.

18. saḥ muniḥ tasya na uvāca kiñcit maunavrate sthitaḥ
tasya skandhe mṛtam sarpam kruddhaḥ rājā samāsajat

18. Remaining in a vow of silence, that sage said nothing to the king. The angry king then placed a dead snake on his shoulder.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (sage) (he, that)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage (sage, ascetic)

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (the king) (of him, to him)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he spoke, he said)

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything (something, anything)

• मौनव्रते (maunavrate) - in a vow of silence

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - remaining (in a vow) (standing, situated, remaining, abiding)

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (the sage) (of him)

• स्कन्धे (skandhe) - on the shoulder

• मृतम् (mṛtam) - dead

• सर्पम् (sarpam) - snake

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry (angry, enraged)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• समासजत् (samāsajat) - placed (he placed, he attached)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (sage) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage (sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, recluse

Root: man (class 4)

तस्य (tasya) - to him (the king) (of him, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Used in a dative sense ('to him') with verbs of speaking.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything (something, anything)

(indeclinable)

मौनव्रते (maunavrate) - in a vow of silence

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of maunavrata

maunavrata - vow of silence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mauna+vrata)

• mauna – silence, quietude
  noun (neuter)
  from muni 'sage' via suffix -a
  Root: man (class 4)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - remaining (in a vow) (standing, situated, remaining, abiding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, fixed, remaining

past_passive_participle

from root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'muniḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - of him (the sage) (of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the sage.

स्कन्धे (skandhe) - on the shoulder

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of skandha

skandha - shoulder, trunk of a tree

Root: skand

मृतम् (mṛtam) - dead

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

past_passive_participle

from root mṛ

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'sarpam'.

सर्पम् (sarpam) - snake

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - snake, serpent

Root: sṛp (class 1)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

past_passive_participle

from root krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

समासजत् (samāsajat) - placed (he placed, he attached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sañj

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sañj (class 1)