महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-36, verse-2

किं कारणं जरत्कारोर्नामैतत्प्रथितं भुवि ।
जरत्कारुनिरुक्तं त्वं यथावद्वक्तुमर्हसि ॥२॥

2. kiṁ kāraṇaṁ jaratkārornāmaitatprathitaṁ bhuvi ,
jaratkāruniruktaṁ tvaṁ yathāvadvaktumarhasi.

2. kiṃ kāraṇaṃ jaratkāroḥ nāma etat prathitaṃ bhuvi
jaratkāruniruktaṃ tvaṃ yathāvat vaktum arhasi

2. What is the reason this name Jaratkāru is renowned on earth? You should properly explain the etymology of Jaratkāru.

Words meanings summery:

• किं (kiṁ) - what (is the reason)? (what? why?)

• कारणं (kāraṇaṁ) - the reason (cause, reason, motive)

• जरत्कारोः (jaratkāroḥ) - of Jaratkāru

• नाम (nāma) - name

• एतत् (etat) - this (name) (this)

• प्रथितं (prathitaṁ) - famous, renowned (famous, renowned, spread, proclaimed)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth (on earth, in the world)

• जरत्कारुनिरुक्तं (jaratkāruniruktaṁ) - the etymology of Jaratkāru (the explanation/etymology of Jaratkāru)

• त्वं (tvaṁ) - you (Sūta's son) (you)

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, accurately (properly, accurately, truly, as it should be)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to explain (to speak, to say, to explain)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought to, you are able to (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

किं (kiṁ) - what (is the reason)? (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? which? why?

Note: Interrogative pronoun, qualifying 'kāraṇaṃ'.

कारणं (kāraṇaṁ) - the reason (cause, reason, motive)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument

action noun

Derived from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

जरत्कारोः (jaratkāroḥ) - of Jaratkāru

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Jaratkāru (name of a sage and a Nāginī)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jarat+kāru)

• jarat – decaying, old, worn out
  adjective
  Root: jṛ (class 1)
• kāru – making, doing; maker, doer; a creator, artisan
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Possessive case for 'nāma'.

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, noun

एतत् (etat) - this (name) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Agrees with 'nāma'.

प्रथितं (prathitaṁ) - famous, renowned (famous, renowned, spread, proclaimed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prathita

prathita - famous, renowned, spread, proclaimed, known

past passive participle

Derived from root prath (to spread, extend) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nāma' and 'etat'.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth (on earth, in the world)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, world

जरत्कारुनिरुक्तं (jaratkāruniruktaṁ) - the etymology of Jaratkāru (the explanation/etymology of Jaratkāru)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jaratkārunirukta

jaratkārunirukta - the etymology or explanation of Jaratkāru

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jaratkāru+nirukta)

• jaratkāru – Jaratkāru (name of a sage and a Nāginī)
  noun (masculine)
• nirukta – explained, expressed, stated; etymology, interpretation
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle (nominalized)
  Derived from root vac with prefix nir
  Prefix: nir
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'vaktum'.

त्वं (tvaṁ) - you (Sūta's son) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Subject of 'arhasi'.

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, accurately (properly, accurately, truly, as it should be)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'vaktum'.

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to explain (to speak, to say, to explain)

(verb)

active

infinitive

Infinitive of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Governed by 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought to, you are able to (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)