महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-36, verse-4

क्षपयामास तीव्रेण तपसेत्यत उच्यते ।
जरत्कारुरिति ब्रह्मन्वासुकेर्भगिनी तथा ॥४॥

4. kṣapayāmāsa tīvreṇa tapasetyata ucyate ,
jaratkāruriti brahmanvāsukerbhaginī tathā.

4. kṣapayām āsa tīvreṇa tapasā iti ataḥ ucyate
jaratkāruḥ iti brahman vāsukeḥ bhaginī tathā

4. ...he wasted it away with severe asceticism. Therefore, he is called Jaratkāru, O Brāhmaṇa. And thus, Vāsuki's sister (is also called Jaratkāru).

Words meanings summery:

• क्षपयाम् (kṣapayām) - wasted away (caused to waste away, destroyed (part of periphrastic perfect))

• आस (āsa) - (auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect) (was (auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect))

• तीव्रेण (tīvreṇa) - by severe (by severe, by intense)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (by asceticism, by penance)

• इति (iti) - thus, therefore (thus, so, therefore)

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (hence, therefore, from this)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called)

• जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jaratkāru (Jaratkāru (name of an ascetic and a snake-goddess))

• इति (iti) - thus, (indicating the name) (thus, so)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa

• वासुकेः (vāsukeḥ) - of Vāsuki

• भगिनी (bhaginī) - sister

• तथा (tathā) - and thus, also (thus, so, in the same way, and)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षपयाम् (kṣapayām) - wasted away (caused to waste away, destroyed (part of periphrastic perfect))

(verb)

causative stem

from causative of kṣi

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect 'kṣapayām āsa'.

आस (āsa) - (auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect) (was (auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for the periphrastic perfect 'kṣapayām āsa'.

तीव्रेण (tīvreṇa) - by severe (by severe, by intense)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - sharp, keen, intense, severe, strong

Note: Agrees with 'tapasā'.

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (by asceticism, by penance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, penance, asceticism, religious austerity

Root: tap (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, therefore (thus, so, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Explains the reason for the name.

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (hence, therefore, from this)

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jaratkāru (Jaratkāru (name of an ascetic and a snake-goddess))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Name of an ascetic, whose body wasted away ('jarat' from jṛ 'to decay', 'kāru' 'body/maker' related to decay)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jarat+kāru)

• jarat – decaying, wasting away
  adjective
  present active participle
  from jṛ (to decay)
  Root: jṛ (class 4)
• kāru – maker, artisan, artist; also interpreted as 'body' or related to 'doing'
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Proper noun.

इति (iti) - thus, (indicating the name) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, the Absolute

Note: Vocative case.

वासुकेः (vāsukeḥ) - of Vāsuki

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāsuki

vāsuki - Vāsuki (name of a great Nāga king)

भगिनी (bhaginī) - sister

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhaginī

bhaginī - sister

तथा (tathā) - and thus, also (thus, so, in the same way, and)

(indeclinable)