महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-36, verse-11

स कदाचिन्मृगं विद्ध्वा बाणेन नतपर्वणा ।
पृष्ठतो धनुरादाय ससार गहने वने ॥११॥

11. sa kadācinmṛgaṁ viddhvā bāṇena nataparvaṇā ,
pṛṣṭhato dhanurādāya sasāra gahane vane.

11. saḥ kadācit mṛgam viddhvā bāṇena nataparvaṇā
pṛṣṭhataḥ dhanuḥ ādāya sasāra gahane vane

11. One day, having shot a deer with a powerful arrow, he took his bow and pursued it deep into the dense forest.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (referring to the king Parikshit) (he, that)

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - One day, once (once, sometimes, at some time)

• मृगम् (mṛgam) - a deer (deer, wild animal)

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having shot (having pierced, having struck)

• बाणेन (bāṇena) - with an arrow

• नतपर्वणा (nataparvaṇā) - with a powerful (arrow) (with a bent-jointed, well-feathered, powerful (arrow))

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind (the deer), in pursuit (from behind, at the back)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - his bow (bow)

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (his bow) (having taken, having seized)

• ससार (sasāra) - pursued, went (went, proceeded, moved)

• गहने (gahane) - in a dense (forest) (in a dense, in a thick)

• वने (vane) - in the forest

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (referring to the king Parikshit) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject.

कदाचित् (kadācit) - One day, once (once, sometimes, at some time)

(indeclinable)

मृगम् (mṛgam) - a deer (deer, wild animal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, antelope, wild animal

Note: Object of viddhvā.

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having shot (having pierced, having struck)

(verb)

active, past (ktvā) of viddhvā

absolutive

absolutive of root vyadh

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Indicates a completed action before the main verb.

बाणेन (bāṇena) - with an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Instrument of viddhvā.

नतपर्वणा (nataparvaṇā) - with a powerful (arrow) (with a bent-jointed, well-feathered, powerful (arrow))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nataparvan

nataparvan - having bent joints/knots (often refers to a well-made or powerful arrow)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nata+parvan)

• nata – bent, bowed, humbled
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  root nam + kta suffix
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – knot, joint, section, limb (of an arrow: the feathering part)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with bāṇena.

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind (the deer), in pursuit (from behind, at the back)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates direction of movement.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - his bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Object of ādāya.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken (his bow) (having taken, having seized)

(verb)

active, past (lyap) of ādāya

absolutive

absolutive of root dā + prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Indicates a completed action before the main verb.

ससार (sasāra) - pursued, went (went, proceeded, moved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of sṛ

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

गहने (gahane) - in a dense (forest) (in a dense, in a thick)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gahana

gahana - dense, thick, deep, impenetrable

Note: Agrees with vane.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Location of sasāra.