महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-17, verse-28

ततो महीं लवणजलं च सागरं महासुराः प्रविविशुरर्दिताः सुरैः ।
वियद्गतं ज्वलितहुताशनप्रभं सुदर्शनं परिकुपितं निशाम्य च ॥२८॥

28. tato mahīṁ lavaṇajalaṁ ca sāgaraṁ; mahāsurāḥ praviviśurarditāḥ suraiḥ ,
viyadgataṁ jvalitahutāśanaprabhaṁ; sudarśanaṁ parikupitaṁ niśāmya ca.

28. tataḥ mahīm lavaṇajalam ca sāgaram
mahāsurāḥ praviviśuḥ arditāḥ suraiḥ
viyadgatam jvalitahutāśanaprabham
sudarśanam parikupitam niśāmya ca

28. Then, the great Asuras, oppressed by the gods, sought refuge in the earth and the salty ocean. This was after they beheld the Sudarshana disc, moving in the sky, glowing with the brilliance of blazing fire, and exceedingly enraged.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth

• लवणजलम् (lavaṇajalam) - the salty water (salty water)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

• महासुराः (mahāsurāḥ) - the great Asuras (great Asuras, mighty demons)

• प्रविविशुः (praviviśuḥ) - they entered

• अर्दिताः (arditāḥ) - oppressed (tormented, oppressed, afflicted)

• सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by the gods

• वियद्गतम् (viyadgatam) - moving through the sky (gone to the sky, moving in the sky)

• ज्वलितहुताशनप्रभम् (jvalitahutāśanaprabham) - glowing with the brilliance of blazing fire (having the splendor of blazing fire)

• सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - the Sudarshana disc (the Sudarshana (disc weapon), beautiful to see)

• परिकुपितम् (parikupitam) - exceedingly enraged (exceedingly enraged, very angry, highly agitated)

• निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having seen (having seen, having perceived, having observed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to previous action.

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

Note: Object of "praviviśuḥ".

लवणजलम् (lavaṇajalam) - the salty water (salty water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lavaṇajala

lavaṇajala - salty water

Compound type : karmadhāraya (lavaṇa+jala)

• lavaṇa – salty, saline
  adjective (neuter)
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of "praviviśuḥ".

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "mahīm" and "sāgaram".

सागरम् (sāgaram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Note: Object of "praviviśuḥ".

महासुराः (mahāsurāḥ) - the great Asuras (great Asuras, mighty demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāsura

mahāsura - great Asura, mighty demon

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+asura)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• asura – demon, titan, anti-god
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of "praviviśuḥ".

प्रविविशुः (praviviśuḥ) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pra-viś

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

अर्दिताः (arditāḥ) - oppressed (tormented, oppressed, afflicted)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ardita

ardita - tormented, oppressed, afflicted

past passive participle

past passive participle of root 'ard'

Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Agrees with "mahāsurāḥ".

सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Agent of "arditāḥ".

वियद्गतम् (viyadgatam) - moving through the sky (gone to the sky, moving in the sky)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viyadgata

viyadgata - gone to the sky, moving in the sky

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viyat+gata)

• viyat – sky, atmosphere
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, moving
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  past passive participle of root 'gam'
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with "sudarśanam".

ज्वलितहुताशनप्रभम् (jvalitahutāśanaprabham) - glowing with the brilliance of blazing fire (having the splendor of blazing fire)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jvalitahutāśanaprabha

jvalitahutāśanaprabha - having the splendor of blazing fire

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jvalita+hutāśana+prabha)

• jvalita – blazing, burning
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  past passive participle of root 'jval'
  Root: jval (class 1)
• hutāśana – fire (lit. 'eater of oblations')
  noun (masculine)
• prabha – splendor, light, radiance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with "sudarśanam".

सुदर्शनम् (sudarśanam) - the Sudarshana disc (the Sudarshana (disc weapon), beautiful to see)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sudarśana

sudarśana - the Sudarshana (disc of Vishnu), beautiful, pleasing to the eye

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+darśana)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• darśana – sight, vision, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  from root 'dṛś'
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Object of "niśāmya".

परिकुपितम् (parikupitam) - exceedingly enraged (exceedingly enraged, very angry, highly agitated)

(nominal form)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parikupita

parikupita - exceedingly enraged, very angry, highly agitated

past passive participle

past passive participle of root 'kup' with prefix 'pari'

Prefix: pari

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Agrees with "sudarśanam".

निशाम्य (niśāmya) - having seen (having seen, having perceived, having observed)

(verb)

active, past (lyap) of niśāmya

gerund (absolutive)

gerund from root 'śam' with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "niśāmya" to the main action of entering.