महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-17, verse-10

ततः प्रवृत्तः संग्रामः समीपे लवणाम्भसः ।
सुराणामसुराणां च सर्वघोरतरो महान् ॥१०॥

10. tataḥ pravṛttaḥ saṁgrāmaḥ samīpe lavaṇāmbhasaḥ ,
surāṇāmasurāṇāṁ ca sarvaghorataro mahān.

10. tataḥ pravṛttaḥ saṃgrāmaḥ samīpe lavaṇāmbhasaḥ
surāṇām asurāṇām ca sarvaghorataraḥ mahān

10. Then a great and exceedingly dreadful battle began near the salt ocean, between the gods and the demons.

10. אז פרץ קרב ליד הים המלוח בין האלים לאַסוּרַה, קרב גדול ונורא מכל קרב אחר.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - commenced (commenced, begun, engaged in)

• संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - battle (battle, war, encounter)

• समीपे (samīpe) - near (near, in the vicinity, close by)

• लवणाम्भसः (lavaṇāmbhasaḥ) - of the salt ocean

• सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of the gods

• असुराणाम् (asurāṇām) - of the demons (of the demons, of the Asuras)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सर्वघोरतरः (sarvaghorataraḥ) - exceedingly dreadful (more dreadful than all, exceedingly dreadful)

• महान् (mahān) - great (great, large, mighty)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

from `tad` with suffix `-tas`

प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - commenced (commenced, begun, engaged in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, set in, active, engaged

past passive participle

from root `vṛt` with prefix `pra-`

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - battle (battle, war, encounter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, encounter

from `sam-grām` (to fight together) or `sam-grāma` (gathering)

Note: subject of the sentence

समीपे (samīpe) - near (near, in the vicinity, close by)

(indeclinable)

लवणाम्भसः (lavaṇāmbhasaḥ) - of the salt ocean

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of lavaṇāmbhas

lavaṇāmbhas - salt water, salt ocean

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (lavaṇa+ambhas)

• lavaṇa – salt, salty
  noun/adjective (neuter)
• ambhas – water, ocean
  noun (neuter)

Note: governs `samīpe`

सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity, divine being

negation of `asura` (not an Asura) or related to `su-` (good)

Note: expresses possession/relation

असुराणाम् (asurāṇām) - of the demons (of the demons, of the Asuras)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of asura

asura - demon, titan, a class of beings hostile to the gods, possessing strength

often derived as `a-sura` (not a god) or from `asu` (life-force)

Note: expresses possession/relation

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सर्वघोरतरः (sarvaghorataraḥ) - exceedingly dreadful (more dreadful than all, exceedingly dreadful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvaghoratara

sarvaghoratara - more terrible/dreadful than all others, most terrible of all

compound of `sarva` (all) and `ghoratara` (more dreadful)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sarva+ghoratara)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun/adjective (masculine)
• ghoratara – more dreadful/terrible
  adjective (masculine)
  comparative of ghora

Note: agrees with `saṃgrāmaḥ`

महान् (mahān) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty, noble

Note: agrees with `saṃgrāmaḥ`

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