महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-154, verse-18

द्रोणः शिष्यांस्ततः सर्वानिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ।
समानीय तदा विद्वान्द्रुपदस्यासुखाय वै ॥१८॥

18. droṇaḥ śiṣyāṁstataḥ sarvānidaṁ vacanamabravīt ,
samānīya tadā vidvāndrupadasyāsukhāya vai.

18. droṇaḥ śiṣyān tataḥ sarvān idam vacanam abravīt
samānīya tadā vidvān drupadasya asukhāya vai

18. Then the learned Drona, having gathered all his students, spoke these words, indeed for the future sorrow of Drupada.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• शिष्यान् (śiṣyān) - The Kuru princes who were Drona's students. (disciples, students)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - All of his disciples. (all, every)

• इदम् (idam) - Referring to the following words spoken by Drona. (this)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - The specific words Drona spoke. (word, speech, saying)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, spoke

• समानीय (samānīya) - Drona having called together his students. (having assembled, having brought together, having gathered)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - Referring to Drona's wisdom and knowledge as a teacher and strategist. (learned, wise, knowing)

• द्रुपदस्य (drupadasya) - of Drupada

• असुखाय (asukhāya) - Indicating Drona's intention to cause Drupada unhappiness or sorrow as revenge. (for unhappiness, for sorrow, for misfortune)

• वै (vai) - Emphasizing the certainty or intensity of Drona's intention. (indeed, certainly, verily)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the teacher)

शिष्यान् (śiṣyān) - The Kuru princes who were Drona's students. (disciples, students)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student

Root: śās

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - All of his disciples. (all, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: Agrees with śiṣyān.

इदम् (idam) - Referring to the following words spoken by Drona. (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with vacanam.

वचनम् (vacanam) - The specific words Drona spoke. (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

Root: vac

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect active 3rd singular

imperfect tense formation

Root: brū (class 2)

समानीय (samānīya) - Drona having called together his students. (having assembled, having brought together, having gathered)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

gerund (absolutive) from sam-ā-nī

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: nī (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - Referring to Drona's wisdom and knowledge as a teacher and strategist. (learned, wise, knowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - learned, wise, knowing

Past Active Participle

PAP from vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with droṇaḥ.

द्रुपदस्य (drupadasya) - of Drupada

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - Drupada (name of a king)

असुखाय (asukhāya) - Indicating Drona's intention to cause Drupada unhappiness or sorrow as revenge. (for unhappiness, for sorrow, for misfortune)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of asukha

asukha - unhappiness, sorrow

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sukha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sukha – happiness, pleasure, comfort
  noun (neuter)

वै (vai) - Emphasizing the certainty or intensity of Drona's intention. (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)