महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-154, verse-15

द्रुपद उवाच ।
नाश्रोत्रियः श्रोत्रियस्य नारथी रथिनः सखा ।
नाराजा पार्थिवस्यापि सखिपूर्वं किमिष्यते ॥१५॥

15. drupada uvāca ,
nāśrotriyaḥ śrotriyasya nārathī rathinaḥ sakhā ,
nārājā pārthivasyāpi sakhipūrvaṁ kimiṣyate.

15. drupadaḥ uvāca na aśrotriyaḥ śrotriyasya na arathī rathinaḥ
sakhā na arājā pārthivasya api sakhipūrvaṃ kim iṣyate

15. Drupada said: "One not learned in the Vedas cannot be a friend to one who is. One without a chariot cannot be a friend to one with a chariot. And one who is not a king cannot be a friend to a king. What is this talk of former friendship?"

Words meanings summery:

• द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• अश्रोत्रियः (aśrotriyaḥ) - Drupada implying Drona no longer holds the status of a Vedic scholar (śrotriya) due to lack of royal patronage or status. (one not learned in the Vedas, not a śrotriya)

• श्रोत्रियस्य (śrotriyasya) - of one learned in the Vedas, of a śrotriya

• न (na) - not, no

• अरथी (arathī) - Drupada's assertion that Drona, being without a kingdom and riches, is now without a chariot. (one without a chariot, non-charioteer)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - of a charioteer

• सखा (sakhā) - friend, companion

• न (na) - not, no

• अराजा (arājā) - Drupada asserting that Drona is no longer of royal status, hence not his equal. (one not a king, non-king)

• पार्थिवस्य (pārthivasya) - of a king, of an earthly ruler

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• सखिपूर्वं (sakhipūrvaṁ) - Referring to the past relationship between Drona and Drupada. (former friendship, (that which was) previously friendship)

• किम् (kim) - Rhetorical question expressing dismissal or rejection of the idea of former friendship. (what, why)

• इष्यते (iṣyate) - In the context of Drupada's rhetorical question, 'What is desired?' implying 'Why is this desired?' or 'This is not desired.' (is desired, is sought)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - Drupada (name of a king)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active 3rd singular

perfect tense formation (reduplication, vocalic change)

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अश्रोत्रियः (aśrotriyaḥ) - Drupada implying Drona no longer holds the status of a Vedic scholar (śrotriya) due to lack of royal patronage or status. (one not learned in the Vedas, not a śrotriya)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśrotriya

aśrotriya - one not learned in the Vedas, not a śrotriya

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śrotriya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śrotriya – one learned in the Vedas, proficient in Vedic studies
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śru

श्रोत्रियस्य (śrotriyasya) - of one learned in the Vedas, of a śrotriya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śrotriya

śrotriya - one learned in the Vedas, proficient in Vedic studies

Root: śru

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अरथी (arathī) - Drupada's assertion that Drona, being without a kingdom and riches, is now without a chariot. (one without a chariot, non-charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arathin

arathin - one without a chariot

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rathin)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• rathin – one possessing a chariot, charioteer
  noun (masculine)

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - of a charioteer

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - one possessing a chariot, charioteer

सखा (sakhā) - friend, companion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अराजा (arājā) - Drupada asserting that Drona is no longer of royal status, hence not his equal. (one not a king, non-king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arājan

arājan - one not a king

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rājan)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पार्थिवस्य (pārthivasya) - of a king, of an earthly ruler

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - of the earth, earthly, a king, a prince

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

सखिपूर्वं (sakhipūrvaṁ) - Referring to the past relationship between Drona and Drupada. (former friendship, (that which was) previously friendship)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sakhipūrva

sakhipūrva - former friendship, previous acquaintance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sakhi+pūrva)

• sakhi – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
• pūrva – former, previous, prior
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here. Can also be nominative singular neuter.

किम् (kim) - Rhetorical question expressing dismissal or rejection of the idea of former friendship. (what, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, why, how

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

इष्यते (iṣyate) - In the context of Drupada's rhetorical question, 'What is desired?' implying 'Why is this desired?' or 'This is not desired.' (is desired, is sought)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of iṣ

present passive 3rd singular

passive voice formation

Root: iṣ (class 4)