योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-57, verse-25

एवं स्थिते कुतः सर्गः कुतो विद्या क चाज्ञता ।
ब्रह्म शान्तं घनं सर्वं क्वाहंकारादयः स्थिताः ॥ २५ ॥

evaṃ sthite kutaḥ sargaḥ kuto vidyā ka cājñatā ,
brahma śāntaṃ ghanaṃ sarvaṃ kvāhaṃkārādayaḥ sthitāḥ 25

25. evam sthite kutaḥ sargaḥ kutaḥ vidyā ka ca ajñatā
brahma śāntam ghanam sarvam kva ahaṃkārādayaḥ sthitāḥ

25. evam sthite kutaḥ sargaḥ kutaḥ vidyā ca ka ajñatā
brahma śāntam ghanam sarvam kva ahaṃkārādayaḥ sthitāḥ

25. When things are thus established, how can there be creation? Where is true knowledge (vidyā), and where is ignorance? Brahman (brahman) is peaceful, undivided, and all-encompassing. Where then do the ego (ahaṃkāra) and other such concepts reside?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - Refers to the previously described state of consciousness. (thus, in this manner, so)

• स्थिते (sthite) - In this established state (of pure consciousness). (when established, when situated, in this condition)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - Rhetorically asking 'how can there be' creation. (whence, from where, how)

• सर्गः (sargaḥ) - The process or result of cosmic creation. (creation, emanation, world)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - Rhetorically asking 'how can there be' knowledge in the conventional sense. (whence, from where, how)

• विद्या (vidyā) - Conventional knowledge, implying that in the supreme state, it is transcended. (knowledge, learning, science, true knowledge)

• क (ka) - Rhetorically asking 'where is' ignorance. (where, what)

• च (ca) - Connects 'knowledge' and 'ignorance'. (and, also, moreover)

• अज्ञता (ajñatā) - The state of not knowing, particularly the ultimate truth. (ignorance, unconsciousness)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - The ultimate, all-pervading consciousness. (Brahman, the absolute reality, the ultimate truth)

• शान्तम् (śāntam) - Describes the inherently undisturbed nature of Brahman. (peaceful, tranquil, calm, quiet)

• घनम् (ghanam) - Describes Brahman as undivided, pervasive, and substantial. (dense, compact, undivided, solid, pervasive)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - Brahman is all-encompassing. (all, everything, the whole)

• क्व (kva) - Rhetorically asks where ego can exist in this state of Brahman. (where, in what place)

• अहंकारादयः (ahaṁkārādayaḥ) - Refers to ego (ahaṃkāra) and other associated mental constructs or false identifications. (ego (ahaṃkāra) and others, beginning with ego)

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - Refers to the existence or location of the ego (ahaṃkāra) and similar concepts. (are situated, stand, exist)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - Refers to the previously described state of consciousness. (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

स्थिते (sthite) - In this established state (of pure consciousness). (when established, when situated, in this condition)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sthita

sthita - situated, established, existing, standing

Past Passive Participle

From root √sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: It functions as part of a locative absolute phrase.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - Rhetorically asking 'how can there be' creation. (whence, from where, how)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

सर्गः (sargaḥ) - The process or result of cosmic creation. (creation, emanation, world)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarga

sarga - creation, emanation, pouring forth

From root √sṛj (to create, emit) with suffix `a`.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - Rhetorically asking 'how can there be' knowledge in the conventional sense. (whence, from where, how)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

विद्या (vidyā) - Conventional knowledge, implying that in the supreme state, it is transcended. (knowledge, learning, science, true knowledge)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, science, learning, true knowledge

From root √vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

क (ka) - Rhetorically asking 'where is' ignorance. (where, what)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative particle/pronoun.

च (ca) - Connects 'knowledge' and 'ignorance'. (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अज्ञता (ajñatā) - The state of not knowing, particularly the ultimate truth. (ignorance, unconsciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ajñatā

ajñatā - ignorance, lack of knowledge

From `a` (negation) + `jña` (knowing) + `tā` (abstract suffix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+jñatā)

• a – not, non-
  prefix (negation)
  Negative particle.
• jñatā – knowledge, state of knowing
  noun (feminine)
  From `jña` (knowing) + `tā` (abstract suffix).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - The ultimate, all-pervading consciousness. (Brahman, the absolute reality, the ultimate truth)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman, the absolute, ultimate reality, the universal spirit

From root √bṛh (to grow, expand).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the ultimate reality (brahman).

शान्तम् (śāntam) - Describes the inherently undisturbed nature of Brahman. (peaceful, tranquil, calm, quiet)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śānta

śānta - peaceful, tranquil, calm, quiet, ceased, extinguished

Past Passive Participle

From root √śam (to be calm, cease).

Root: śam (class 4)

घनम् (ghanam) - Describes Brahman as undivided, pervasive, and substantial. (dense, compact, undivided, solid, pervasive)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghana

ghana - dense, compact, solid, undivided, substantial, pervasive

सर्वम् (sarvam) - Brahman is all-encompassing. (all, everything, the whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: It qualifies Brahman.

क्व (kva) - Rhetorically asks where ego can exist in this state of Brahman. (where, in what place)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

अहंकारादयः (ahaṁkārādayaḥ) - Refers to ego (ahaṃkāra) and other associated mental constructs or false identifications. (ego (ahaṃkāra) and others, beginning with ego)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ahaṃkārādi

ahaṁkārādi - ego (ahaṃkāra) and others, beginning with ego

Compound of `ahaṃkāra` and `ādi`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ahaṃkāra+ādi)

• ahaṃkāra – ego, egoism, sense of 'I'
  noun (masculine)
  From `aham` (I) + `kāra` (maker, doer).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so forth
  indeclinable (masculine)

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - Refers to the existence or location of the ego (ahaṃkāra) and similar concepts. (are situated, stand, exist)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - situated, established, existing, standing

Past Passive Participle

From root √sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate, implying 'are (there)'.

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