योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-54, verse-19

श्रीराम उवाच ।
विद्यते वटबीजान्तर्यथा भाविमहाद्रुमः ।
परमाणौ तथा सर्गो ब्रह्मन्कस्मान्न विद्यते ॥ १९ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
vidyate vaṭabījāntaryathā bhāvimahādrumaḥ ,
paramāṇau tathā sargo brahmankasmānna vidyate 19

19. śrīrāma uvāca vidyate vaṭabīja antari yathā bhāvi
mahādrumaḥ paramāṇau tathā sargaḥ brahman kasmāt na vidyate

19. śrīrāma uvāca yathā bhāvi mahādrumaḥ vaṭabīja antari
vidyate tathā brahman paramāṇau sargaḥ kasmāt na vidyate

19. Shri Rama said: Just as a future great tree (mahādruma) exists within a banyan seed, similarly, O brahman, why does creation (sarga) not exist within an atom (paramāṇu)?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - The speaker, Lord Rama. (Shri Rama)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is present

• वटबीज (vaṭabīja) - banyan seed

• अन्तरि (antari) - within, inside

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• भावि (bhāvi) - future, about to be

• महाद्रुमः (mahādrumaḥ) - great tree

• परमाणौ (paramāṇau) - in an atom

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

• सर्गः (sargaḥ) - creation, emanation, discharge

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Addressing Vasiṣṭha. (O brahman, O great one, O supreme reality)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

• न (na) - not, no

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is present

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - The speaker, Lord Rama. (Shri Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - The illustrious Rama, a proper name.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

perfect tense, active voice

Perfect 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: √vac (class 2)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is present

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √vid

present tense, middle voice

Present 3rd person singular, ātmanepada. From √vid (root 4 Ā, to exist).

Root: √vid (class 4)

वटबीज (vaṭabīja) - banyan seed

(noun)

neuter, singular of vaṭabīja

vaṭabīja - banyan tree seed

Compound of vaṭa (banyan) and bīja (seed).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaṭa+bīja)

• vaṭa – banyan tree
  noun (masculine)
• bīja – seed, origin
  noun (neuter)

Note: Part of a larger locative phrase with 'antari'.

अन्तरि (antari) - within, inside

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interior, within, between

Note: Functions adverbially here, referring to 'within the banyan seed'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

भावि (bhāvi) - future, about to be

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāvin

bhāvin - future, existing, being

present active participle

From root √bhū (to be, become).

Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying `mahādrumaḥ`.

महाद्रुमः (mahādrumaḥ) - great tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādruma

mahādruma - large tree, great tree

Compound of mahā (great) and druma (tree).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+druma)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `vidyate`.

परमाणौ (paramāṇau) - in an atom

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paramāṇu

paramāṇu - atom, minute particle, ultimate particle

Compound of parama (supreme, ultimate) and aṇu (atom, minute).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+aṇu)

• parama – supreme, ultimate, highest
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• aṇu – atom, minute, particle
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)

Correlative to yathā.

सर्गः (sargaḥ) - creation, emanation, discharge

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarga

sarga - creation, emanation, chapter, section

From √sṛj (to emit, create).

Root: √sṛj (class 6)

Note: Subject of the second `vidyate`.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Addressing Vasiṣṭha. (O brahman, O great one, O supreme reality)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - the supreme reality, universal spirit, sacred word, priest

Vocative singular of brahman.

Note: Used here as an address to Vasiṣṭha.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Functions as 'why'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is present

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √vid

present tense, middle voice

Present 3rd person singular, ātmanepada. From √vid (root 4 Ā, to exist).

Root: √vid (class 4)