योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-54, verse-4

द्रष्टा द्रष्टैव दृश्यस्य स्वभावात्स्वात्मनि स्थितः ।
कर्ता कर्तैव कर्तव्याभावतः कारणादृते ॥ ४ ॥

draṣṭā draṣṭaiva dṛśyasya svabhāvātsvātmani sthitaḥ ,
kartā kartaiva kartavyābhāvataḥ kāraṇādṛte 4

4. draṣṭā draṣṭā eva dṛśyasya svabhāvāt svātmani
sthitaḥ kartā kartā eva kartavyābhāvataḥ kāraṇāt ṛte

4. draṣṭā dṛśyasya svabhāvāt svātmani sthitaḥ eva
draṣṭā kartā kartavyābhāvataḥ kāraṇāt ṛte eva kartā

4. The seer (draṣṭā) is indeed the seer of the seen, abiding in one's own true self (ātman) by its intrinsic nature (svabhāva). The doer (kartā) is indeed the doer, (but this 'doing' is) without cause, due to the absence of anything that truly needs to be done.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - the seer, observer

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - the seer, observer

• एव (eva) - indeed, truly, only, just

• दृश्यस्य (dṛśyasya) - of the seen, of the visible, of the object of sight

• स्वभावात् (svabhāvāt) - by its own nature, by its inherent nature

• स्वात्मनि (svātmani) - in one's own self

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, abiding, standing

• कर्ता (kartā) - the doer, agent

• कर्ता (kartā) - the doer, agent

• एव (eva) - indeed, truly, only, just

• कर्तव्याभावतः (kartavyābhāvataḥ) - due to the absence of what is to be done, due to the absence of duty

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, by a reason

• ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for

Words meanings and morphology

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - the seer, observer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer, witness

agent noun

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tṛ'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - the seer, observer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer, witness

agent noun

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tṛ'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, truly, only, just

(indeclinable)

दृश्यस्य (dṛśyasya) - of the seen, of the visible, of the object of sight

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - to be seen, visible; object of sight, phenomenon

gerundive

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-ya'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्वभावात् (svabhāvāt) - by its own nature, by its inherent nature

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svabhāva

svabhāva - own nature, inherent disposition, essential property

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'bhāva' (nature).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhāva – nature, state of being, existence, disposition
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhū' (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

स्वात्मनि (svātmani) - in one's own self

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svātman

svātman - one's own self, true self

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'ātman' (self).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+ātman)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, abiding, standing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, abiding, firm

past passive participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

कर्ता (kartā) - the doer, agent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent

agent noun

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-tṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्ता (kartā) - the doer, agent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent

agent noun

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-tṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

एव (eva) - indeed, truly, only, just

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्याभावतः (kartavyābhāvataḥ) - due to the absence of what is to be done, due to the absence of duty

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kartavyābhāva

kartavyābhāva - absence of duty, lack of what is to be done

Compound of 'kartavya' (to be done) and 'abhāva' (absence), with ablative suffix '-tas'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kartavya+abhāva)

• kartavya – to be done, duty, obligation
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive
  From root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-tavya'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• abhāva – absence, non-existence, negation
  noun (masculine)
  From 'a-' (not) + 'bhāva' (existence).

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, by a reason

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root 'kṛ' (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for

(indeclinable)