योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-54, verse-15

कारणेन विना कार्यं किल किं नाम विद्यते ।
यदपुत्रस्य सत्पुत्रदर्शनं स भ्रमो न सत् ॥ १५ ॥

kāraṇena vinā kāryaṃ kila kiṃ nāma vidyate ,
yadaputrasya satputradarśanaṃ sa bhramo na sat 15

15. kāraṇena vinā kāryam kila kim nāma vidyate | yat
aputrasya satputradarśanam sa bhramaḥ na sat ||

15. kāraṇena vinā kāryam kila kim nāma vidyate yat
aputrasya satputradarśanam sa bhramaḥ na sat

15. What effect indeed exists without a cause? If one sees a good son for a childless person, that is a delusion, not reality.

Words meanings summery:

• कारणेन (kāraṇena) - by a cause, by a reason

• विना (vinā) - without, except

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect (work, action, effect, purpose, duty)

• किल (kila) - indeed (indeed, certainly, as if, even, perhaps, they say)

• किम् (kim) - what (what, which, why, whether)

• नाम (nāma) - indeed (name, by name, indeed, forsooth)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is found, is)

• यत् (yat) - if (which, what, that (as conjunction))

• अपुत्रस्य (aputrasya) - of a childless person

• सत्पुत्रदर्शनम् (satputradarśanam) - seeing a good son

• स (sa) - that (he, that)

• भ्रमः (bhramaḥ) - delusion (error, delusion, wandering)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• सत् (sat) - reality (real, existent, true, good, being)

Words meanings and morphology

कारणेन (kāraṇena) - by a cause, by a reason

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, motive

from root kṛ- "to do" with suffix -ana

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विना (vinā) - without, except

(indeclinable)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - effect (work, action, effect, purpose, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be made, effect, action, business

Gerundive

from root kṛ- "to do" with suffix -ya (kṛ- + -ya = kārya)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किल (kila) - indeed (indeed, certainly, as if, even, perhaps, they say)

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what (what, which, why, whether)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

नाम (nāma) - indeed (name, by name, indeed, forsooth)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an indeclinable particle here, meaning "indeed".

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is found, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

present

from root vid- (class 4) meaning "to exist"

Root: vid (class 4)

यत् (yat) - if (which, what, that (as conjunction))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a conjunction here.

अपुत्रस्य (aputrasya) - of a childless person

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aputra

aputra - sonless, childless

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of `a` + `putra`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+putra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

सत्पुत्रदर्शनम् (satputradarśanam) - seeing a good son

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satputradarśana

satputradarśana - sight of a good son, seeing a good son

Tatpurusha compound of `satputra` (good son) and `darśana` (sight/seeing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satputra+darśana)

• satputra – good son, virtuous son
  noun (masculine)
  Karmaṇadhāraya compound: `sat` (good, true) + `putra` (son).
• darśana – seeing, sight, vision, doctrine
  noun (neuter)
  From root dṛś- 'to see' with suffix -ana.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

स (sa) - that (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भ्रमः (bhramaḥ) - delusion (error, delusion, wandering)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrama

bhrama - wandering, moving about, error, delusion, illusion

From root bhram- 'to wander'.

Root: bhram (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

सत् (sat) - reality (real, existent, true, good, being)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existing, real, true, good, being

Present Active Participle

From root as- 'to be'.

Root: as (class 2)