योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-48, verse-3

धनानि नाभिवाञ्छयन्ते तमांसीव विवेकिना ।
त्यज्यन्ते विद्यमानानि संशुष्कामेध्यपर्णवत् ॥ ३ ॥

dhanāni nābhivāñchayante tamāṃsīva vivekinā ,
tyajyante vidyamānāni saṃśuṣkāmedhyaparṇavat 3

3. dhanāni na abhivāñchyante tamāṃsi iva vivekinā
tyajyante vidyamānāni saṃ-śuṣka-amedhya-parṇavat

3. dhanāni vivekinā tamāṃsi iva na abhivāñchyante.
vidyamānāni saṃ-śuṣka-amedhya-parṇavat tyajyante.

3. ...wealths are not desired, just as darkness is not desired by a discerning person. Existing possessions are abandoned like dry, impure leaves.

Words meanings summery:

• धनानि (dhanāni) - wealths, riches

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिवाञ्छ्यन्ते (abhivāñchyante) - are desired, are wished for

• तमांसि (tamāṁsi) - darknesses

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• विवेकिना (vivekinā) - by a discerning person, by a wise person

• त्यज्यन्ते (tyajyante) - are abandoned, are relinquished

• विद्यमानानि (vidyamānāni) - existing (things), present (possessions)

• सं-शुष्क-अमेध्य-पर्णवत् (saṁ-śuṣka-amedhya-parṇavat) - like dry, impure leaves

Words meanings and morphology

धनानि (dhanāni) - wealths, riches

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, money, property

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Also can be accusative plural. Context suggests nominative (subject of the passive verb `na abhivāñchyante`).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिवाञ्छ्यन्ते (abhivāñchyante) - are desired, are wished for

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of vāñch

Present Passive

3rd person plural, present tense, passive voice, from root `vāñch` with prefix `abhi`

Prefix: abhi

Root: vāñch (class 1)

तमांसि (tamāṁsi) - darknesses

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tamas

tamas - darkness, ignorance, gloom

Note: Can also be accusative plural. Here used as subject in comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

विवेकिना (vivekinā) - by a discerning person, by a wise person

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vivekin

vivekin - discerning, wise, judicious (person)

from `viveka` (discrimination)

Root: vic (class 7)

त्यज्यन्ते (tyajyante) - are abandoned, are relinquished

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of tyaj

Present Passive

3rd person plural, present tense, passive voice

Root: tyaj (class 1)

विद्यमानानि (vidyamānāni) - existing (things), present (possessions)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vidyamāna

vidyamāna - existing, present, being

Present Middle Participle

from root `vid` (to be)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Also can be accusative plural. Context suggests nominative (subject of `tyajyante`).

सं-शुष्क-अमेध्य-पर्णवत् (saṁ-śuṣka-amedhya-parṇavat) - like dry, impure leaves

(indeclinable)

formed by adding suffix `vat` (like, as) to the compound noun `saṃ-śuṣka-amedhya-parṇa`

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃ-śuṣka+amedhya+parṇa)

• saṃ-śuṣka – well-dried, completely dry
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root `śuṣ` (to dry) with prefix `sam`
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śuṣ (class 4)
• amedhya – impure, unholy, unfit for sacrifice
  adjective
  negation of `medhya` (pure)
  Prefix: a
• parṇa – leaf
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions as an adverbial comparison.

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