योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-48, verse-17

ज्ञेनामलपदस्थेन दीपेनेव निरस्यते ।
तमो हार्दं तथा बाह्यं रागद्वेषभयादि च ॥ १७ ॥

jñenāmalapadasthena dīpeneva nirasyate ,
tamo hārdaṃ tathā bāhyaṃ rāgadveṣabhayādi ca 17

17. jñena amala-pada-sthena dīpena iva nirasyate
tamaḥ hārdam tathā bāhyam rāga-dveṣa-bhaya ādi ca

17. jñena amala-pada-sthena dīpena iva nirasyate
hārdam tathā bāhyam tamaḥ ca rāga-dveṣa-bhaya ādi

17. By the enlightened one (jña), who is established in the stainless state (amala-pada), inner and outer darkness (ignorance), as well as attachment (rāga), aversion (dveṣa), fear, and other such things, are dispelled just as by a lamp.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञेन (jñena) - by the knower, by the enlightened one

• अमल-पद-स्थेन (amala-pada-sthena) - by one situated in the stainless state/position

• दीपेन (dīpena) - by a lamp

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• निरस्यते (nirasyate) - is dispelled, is removed, is thrown out

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, ignorance

• हार्दम् (hārdam) - inner (darkness) (inner, heartfelt, pertaining to the heart)

• तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, similarly, and)

• बाह्यम् (bāhyam) - outer (darkness) (outer, external)

• राग-द्वेष-भय (rāga-dveṣa-bhaya) - attachment, aversion, and fear

• आदि (ādi) - beginning, and so on, et cetera

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञेन (jñena) - by the knower, by the enlightened one

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jña

jña - knower, intelligent, wise

Derived from root 'jñā' (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

अमल-पद-स्थेन (amala-pada-sthena) - by one situated in the stainless state/position

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amala-pada-stha

amala-pada-stha - situated in a pure state, established in a stainless position

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amala+pada+stha)

• amala – stainless, pure, immaculate
  adjective (neuter)
  From 'a' (not) + 'mala' (dirt/impurity)
• pada – foot, step, state, position, word
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, abiding in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jñena'.

दीपेन (dīpena) - by a lamp

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dīpa

dīpa - lamp, light, anything that gives light

Root: dīp (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

निरस्यते (nirasyate) - is dispelled, is removed, is thrown out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of nir-as

Prefix: nis

Root: as (class 4)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, ignorance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, illusion, a quality (guṇa) associated with inertia and delusion

हार्दम् (hārdam) - inner (darkness) (inner, heartfelt, pertaining to the heart)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hārda

hārda - inner, heartfelt, cordial, relating to the heart

Derived from 'hṛd' (heart)

Note: Agrees with 'tamaḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, similarly, and)

(indeclinable)

बाह्यम् (bāhyam) - outer (darkness) (outer, external)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bāhya

bāhya - outer, external, foreign, pertaining to the outside

Derived from 'bahis' (outside)

Note: Agrees with 'tamaḥ'.

राग-द्वेष-भय (rāga-dveṣa-bhaya) - attachment, aversion, and fear

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāga-dveṣa-bhaya

rāga-dveṣa-bhaya - attachment, aversion, and fear (as a group of afflictions)

Compound type : dvandva (rāga+dveṣa+bhaya)

• rāga – attachment, passion, desire, color
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• dveṣa – aversion, hatred, dislike
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dviṣ (class 2)
• bhaya – fear, dread, danger
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

आदि (ādi) - beginning, and so on, et cetera

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates that other similar afflictions are also dispelled.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

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