योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-1, verse-27

बहुनात्र किमुक्तेन संक्षेपादिदमुच्यते ।
संकल्पनं मनोबन्धस्तदभावो विमुक्तता ॥ २७ ॥

bahunātra kimuktena saṃkṣepādidamucyate ,
saṃkalpanaṃ manobandhastadabhāvo vimuktatā 27

27. bahunā atra kiṃ uktena saṃkṣepāt idaṃ ucyate
saṅkalpanaṃ manaḥbandhaḥ tat abhāvaḥ vimuktatā

27. atra bahunā uktena kiṃ idaṃ saṃkṣepāt ucyate
saṅkalpanaṃ manaḥbandhaḥ tat abhāvaḥ vimuktatā

27. What is the use of saying much here? This is stated concisely: mental conceptualization (saṅkalpana) is the bondage of the mind; the absence of such conceptualization is liberation (vimuktatā).

Words meanings summery:

• बहुना (bahunā) - by much, by many

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• किं (kiṁ) - what?, why?, what use?

• उक्तेन (uktena) - by what has been said, by the spoken word

• संक्षेपात् (saṁkṣepāt) - concisely, in brief

• इदं (idaṁ) - Refers to the following statement. (this)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is spoken

• सङ्कल्पनं (saṅkalpanaṁ) - mental formation, conception, intention, resolve

• मनःबन्धः (manaḥbandhaḥ) - bondage of the mind, mental bondage

• तत् (tat) - Refers to 'saṅkalpana'. (that, its)

• अभावः (abhāvaḥ) - absence, non-existence

• विमुक्तता (vimuktatā) - liberation, freedom

Words meanings and morphology

बहुना (bahunā) - by much, by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant, numerous

Note: Used impersonally here, 'by much (talk/speaking)'

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

किं (kiṁ) - what?, why?, what use?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, why?, of what use?

Note: Can function as an interrogative adverb meaning 'why' or 'what use'

उक्तेन (uktena) - by what has been said, by the spoken word

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √vac (to speak), irregular formation

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: PPP used substantively

संक्षेपात् (saṁkṣepāt) - concisely, in brief

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃkṣepa

saṁkṣepa - abbreviation, condensation, brief statement

Derived from sam- + kṣip (to throw, to compress)

Prefix: sam

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Ablative case often used adverbially to mean 'from the perspective of', 'by means of', 'in short'

इदं (idaṁ) - Refers to the following statement. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is spoken

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सङ्कल्पनं (saṅkalpanaṁ) - mental formation, conception, intention, resolve

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṅkalpana

saṅkalpana - mental formation, intention, volition, resolve, imagination, conceptualization

From sam- + √kḷp (to form, to arrange)

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 1)

मनःबन्धः (manaḥbandhaḥ) - bondage of the mind, mental bondage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manobandha

manobandha - bondage of the mind, mental restraint or control

Compound of manas (mind) and bandha (bondage)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (manas+bandha)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)
• bandha – bondage, fetter, binding, imprisonment, connection
  noun (masculine)
  From √bandh (to bind)
  Root: bandh (class 9)

तत् (tat) - Refers to 'saṅkalpana'. (that, its)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Often used as a pronominal adjective, here effectively meaning 'its' when followed by a noun like abhāva.

अभावः (abhāvaḥ) - absence, non-existence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhāva

abhāva - absence, non-existence, negation, lack

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'bhāva'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• bhāva – being, existence, state, feeling, nature
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhū (to be, to exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

विमुक्तता (vimuktatā) - liberation, freedom

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vimuktatā

vimuktatā - liberation, freedom, emancipation

Derived from vi-mukta (freed, liberated) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)