योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-107, verse-19

शिखिध्वज उवाच ।
आत्मना किं कृता दूरादभ्यागमकदर्थना ।
देवराज यथा तन्मे प्रसादाद्वक्तुमर्हसि ॥ १९ ॥

śikhidhvaja uvāca ,
ātmanā kiṃ kṛtā dūrādabhyāgamakadarthanā ,
devarāja yathā tanme prasādādvaktumarhasi 19

19. śikhidhvajaḥ uvāca | ātmanā kim kṛtā dūrāt abhyāgama-kadarthanā
| devarāja yathā tat me prasādāt vaktum arhasi

19. śikhidhvajaḥ uvāca devarāja,
ātmanā dūrāt abhyāgama-kadarthanā kim kṛtā ? yathā tat me prasādāt vaktum arhasi

19. Śikhidhvaja said: 'O king of gods (devarāja), why have you, yourself (ātman), undertaken the trouble of coming from afar? Please be gracious (prasāda) enough to tell me how this has come to be.'

Words meanings summery:

• शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - Name of the king, Cūḍālā's husband. (Śikhidhvaja)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself, by yourself

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• कृता (kṛtā) - done, made, performed

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

• अभ्यागम-कदर्थना (abhyāgama-kadarthanā) - the trouble/exertion of coming/arrival

• देवराज (devarāja) - Addressing Indra. (O king of gods!)

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in what manner

• तत् (tat) - that

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - out of grace, by favor

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to tell

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

Words meanings and morphology

शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - Name of the king, Cūḍālā's husband. (Śikhidhvaja)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhidhvaja

śikhidhvaja - Śikhidhvaja (proper name, 'crest-banner')

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect tense

Perfect tense (lit) 3rd person singular active of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself, by yourself

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

किम् (kim) - what, why

(indeclinable)

कृता (kṛtā) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with '-kta' suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to 'abhyāgama-kadarthanā'.

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dūra

dūra - far, distant, remote

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'from afar'.

अभ्यागम-कदर्थना (abhyāgama-kadarthanā) - the trouble/exertion of coming/arrival

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhyāgama-kadarthanā

abhyāgama-kadarthanā - trouble/difficulty of arrival

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhyāgama+kadarthanā)

• abhyāgama – coming, arrival, approach
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with upasargas 'abhi-' and 'ā-'.
  Prefixes: abhi+ā
  Root: gam (class 1)
• kadarthanā – humiliation, contempt, trouble, exertion
  noun (feminine)

देवराज (devarāja) - Addressing Indra. (O king of gods!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods (an epithet for Indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+rājan)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me

प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - out of grace, by favor

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, clearness, serenity

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to tell

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice of root 'arh'.

Root: arh (class 1)