योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-42, verse-23

दुःखासारवती राम संसारप्रावृडातता ।
जाड्यं ददाति परमं विचारार्कमपश्यताम् ॥ २३ ॥

duḥkhāsāravatī rāma saṃsāraprāvṛḍātatā ,
jāḍyaṃ dadāti paramaṃ vicārārkamapaśyatām 23

23. duḥkhāsāravatī rāma saṃsāraprāvr̥t ātatā
jāḍyam dadāti paramam vicārārkam apaśyatām

23. rāma duḥkhāsāravatī ātatā saṃsāraprāvr̥t
vicārārkam apaśyatām paramam jāḍyam dadāti

23. O Rāma, the pervasive monsoon of worldly existence (saṃsāra), laden with torrents of suffering, bestows supreme inertia upon those who do not perceive the sun of discernment.

23. עונת הגשמים הסוערת של סבך הקיום התופעתי, הניגרת בטפטופי סבל, מביאה כהות וטמטום כבדים על אלה שאינם רואים את שמש החקירה.

Words meanings summery:

• दुःखासारवती (duḥkhāsāravatī) - full of torrents of suffering

• राम (rāma) - O Lord Rama (O Rama)

• संसारप्राव्र्̥त् (saṁsāraprāvr̥t) - the monsoon of worldly existence, the rainy season of transmigration

• आतता (ātatā) - extended, widespread, pervasive

• जाड्यम् (jāḍyam) - dullness, inertia, stupidity, coldness

• ददाति (dadāti) - gives, bestows

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, utmost

• विचारार्कम् (vicārārkam) - the sun of discernment, the sun of inquiry

• अपश्यताम् (apaśyatām) - of those not seeing, to those not perceiving

Words meanings and morphology

दुःखासारवती (duḥkhāsāravatī) - full of torrents of suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duḥkhāsāravat

duḥkhāsāravat - having torrents of suffering

Derived with suffix -vat from duḥkhāsāra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+āsāra+vat)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• āsāra – torrent, downpour, flood
  noun (masculine)
• vat – possessing, characterized by (suffix)
  suffix
  Taddhita suffix -vat, forming possessive adjective

Note: Agrees with 'saṃsāraprāvr̥t'.

राम (rāma) - O Lord Rama (O Rama)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name), pleasing, black

संसारप्राव्र्̥त् (saṁsāraprāvr̥t) - the monsoon of worldly existence, the rainy season of transmigration

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃsāraprāvr̥t

saṁsāraprāvr̥t - the monsoon/rainy season of worldly existence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsāra+prāvr̥t)

• saṃsāra – worldly existence, transmigration, cycle of birth and death
  noun (masculine)
• prāvr̥t – rainy season, monsoon
  noun (feminine)

Note: The 't' transforms to 'ḍ' before a vowel in sandhi.

आतता (ātatā) - extended, widespread, pervasive

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ātata

ātata - extended, stretched, widespread, pervasive

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'tan' with upasarga 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃsāraprāvr̥t'.

जाड्यम् (jāḍyam) - dullness, inertia, stupidity, coldness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jāḍya

jāḍya - dullness, inertia, coldness, stupidity, insensibility

Derived from 'jaḍa'

ददाति (dadāti) - gives, bestows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

present tense

Root 'dā' (3rd conjugation) in present tense, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, indicative mood

Root: dā (class 3)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, utmost

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, greatest

Note: Agrees with 'jāḍyam'.

विचारार्कम् (vicārārkam) - the sun of discernment, the sun of inquiry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vicārārka

vicārārka - sun of discernment/inquiry

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vicāra+arka)

• vicāra – investigation, deliberation, discernment, inquiry
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  Derived from root 'car' with upasarga 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: car (class 1)
• arka – sun, ray, praise
  noun (masculine)

अपश्यताम् (apaśyatām) - of those not seeing, to those not perceiving

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, not perceiving, unobservant

Present Active Participle (negative)

Present active participle of root 'dr̥ś' (pashya-gati) in negative (a-paśyat)

Prefix: a

Root: dr̥ś (class 1)

Note: Often used with dative or genitive for the recipient of an action. Here genitive plural, implying 'to those not seeing'.

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