वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-39, verse-24

सर्वे च ते बाष्पगलाः साश्रुनेत्रा विचेतसः ।
संमूढा इव दुःखेन त्यजन्ते राघवं तदा ॥२४॥

24. sarve ca te bāṣpagalāḥ sāśrunetrā vicetasaḥ ,
saṃmūḍhā iva duḥkhena tyajante rāghavaṃ tadā.

24. sarve ca te bāṣpagalāḥ sāśrunetrāḥ vicetasaḥ
saṃmūḍhāḥ iva duḥkhena tyajante rāghavam tadā

24. ca te sarve bāṣpagalāḥ sāśrunetrāḥ vicetasaḥ
duḥkhena saṃmūḍhāḥ iva tadā rāghavam tyajante

24. And all of them, with throats choked with tears, with tearful eyes, and distraught minds, as if utterly bewildered by sorrow, were then leaving Rāghava (Rāma).

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them, the monkeys and Vibhīṣaṇa) (all, everyone)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ते (te) - those (monkeys and Vibhīṣaṇa) (those, they)

• बाष्पगलाः (bāṣpagalāḥ) - with throats choked with tears (with throats choked by tears, having tear-filled throats)

• साश्रुनेत्राः (sāśrunetrāḥ) - with tearful eyes (having tearful eyes, with eyes full of tears)

• विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - distraught (with sorrow) (distraught, bewildered, senseless)

• संमूढाः (saṁmūḍhāḥ) - utterly bewildered (completely bewildered, confounded, utterly confused)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow (by sorrow, with pain, by misery)

• त्यजन्ते (tyajante) - they were leaving (with difficulty/reluctance) (they leave, they abandon, they forsake)

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāghava (Rāma) (Rāghava, Rāma)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that moment (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them, the monkeys and Vibhīṣaṇa) (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to the collective group of monkeys and Vibhīṣaṇa.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (monkeys and Vibhīṣaṇa) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, those, they

Note: Coreferent with 'sarve'.

बाष्पगलाः (bāṣpagalāḥ) - with throats choked with tears (with throats choked by tears, having tear-filled throats)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāṣpagala

bāṣpagala - having a throat full of tears, tear-choked throat

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāṣpa+gala)

• bāṣpa – tears, vapor, steam
  noun (masculine)
• gala – throat, neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'sarve te'.

साश्रुनेत्राः (sāśrunetrāḥ) - with tearful eyes (having tearful eyes, with eyes full of tears)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāśrunetra

sāśrunetra - having tearful eyes, with eyes full of tears

Formed with sa- (with) + aśru (tear) + netra (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aśru+netra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  prefix
• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• netra – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'sarve te'.

विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - distraught (with sorrow) (distraught, bewildered, senseless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vicetas

vicetas - distraught, bewildered, out of one's mind, senseless

Formed from vi- (away, apart) + cetas (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+cetas)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
  prefix
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intelligence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'sarve te'.

संमूढाः (saṁmūḍhāḥ) - utterly bewildered (completely bewildered, confounded, utterly confused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃmūḍha

saṁmūḍha - completely bewildered, confounded, stupefied

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root muh (to be bewildered) with upasarga sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'sarve te'.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses a simile.

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow (by sorrow, with pain, by misery)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, misery, distress

Note: Cause of bewilderment.

त्यजन्ते (tyajante) - they were leaving (with difficulty/reluctance) (they leave, they abandon, they forsake)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of tyaj

Present tense

3rd person plural present middle (ātmanepada) of root tyaj.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Subject 'sarve te'.

राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāghava (Rāma) (Rāghava, Rāma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; an epithet of Rāma

Note: Object of 'tyajante'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that moment (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

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