वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-39, verse-22

श्रुत्वा तु राघवस्यैतदुत्थायोत्थाय वानराः ।
प्रणम्य शिरसा पादौ प्रजग्मुस्ते महाबलाः ॥२२॥

22. śrutvā tu rāghavasyaitadutthāyotthāya vānarāḥ ,
praṇamya śirasā pādau prajagmuste mahābalāḥ.

22. śrutvā tu rāghavasya etat utthāya utthāya vānarāḥ
praṇamya śirasā pādau prajagmuḥ te mahābalāḥ

22. te mahābalāḥ vānarāḥ rāghavasya etat śrutvā
utthāya utthāya śirasā pādau praṇamya tu prajagmuḥ

22. After hearing this from Rāghava, those mighty monkeys rose up one by one, bowed their heads to his feet, and then departed.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (Rāma's words) (having heard, listening)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (but, indeed, however, an emphatic particle)

• राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rāma (of Rāghava, of Rāma)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to Rāma's words or decision) (this, that)

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having stood up (having stood up, having risen)

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - having stood up (having stood up, having risen)

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - the monkeys (Rāma's monkey army) (monkeys)

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down (in reverence) (having bowed down, having prostrated)

• शिरसा (śirasā) - with their heads (with the head, by the head)

• पादौ (pādau) - (to Rāma's) two feet (two feet, feet)

• प्रजग्मुः (prajagmuḥ) - they departed (they went, they departed, they set out)

• ते (te) - those (monkeys) (those, they)

• महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - the mighty ones (describing the monkeys) (mighty, very strong, powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (Rāma's words) (having heard, listening)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (but, indeed, however, an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rāma (of Rāghava, of Rāma)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; an epithet of Rāma

Formed from Raghu + aṇ suffix

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to Rāma's words or decision) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: The word form 'etat' can be nominative or accusative singular neuter. Contextually, it's the object of 'śrutvā'.

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having stood up (having stood up, having risen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root sthā with upasarga ut-

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Repetition 'utthāya utthāya' denotes distributive or repeated action.

उत्थाय (utthāya) - having stood up (having stood up, having risen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root sthā with upasarga ut-

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Repetition 'utthāya utthāya' denotes distributive or repeated action.

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - the monkeys (Rāma's monkey army) (monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Subject of 'prajagmuḥ'.

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down (in reverence) (having bowed down, having prostrated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root nam with upasarga pra-, using -ya suffix for absolutive with prefix.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

शिरसा (śirasā) - with their heads (with the head, by the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

Note: Refers to the act of bowing with one's head. The plural 'heads' in English translation is idiomatic for a group of people.

पादौ (pādau) - (to Rāma's) two feet (two feet, feet)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter, ray, step

Note: Object of 'praṇamya'. Refers to Rāma's two feet.

प्रजग्मुः (prajagmuḥ) - they departed (they went, they departed, they set out)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (liṭ) of gam

perfect tense (liṭ lakāra)

3rd person plural perfect active of root gam with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'vānarāḥ' and 'te'.

ते (te) - those (monkeys) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, those, they

Note: Coreferent with 'vānarāḥ'.

महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - the mighty ones (describing the monkeys) (mighty, very strong, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - great strength, mighty, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying 'vānarāḥ' and 'te'.

Previous Verse Next Verse