वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-39, verse-10

मा च बुद्धिमधर्मे त्वं कुर्या राजन् कथं चन ।
बुद्धिमन्तो हि राजानो ध्रुवमश्नन्ति मेदिनीम् ॥१०॥

10. mā ca buddhimadharme tvaṃ kuryā rājan kathaṃ cana ,
buddhimanto hi rājāno dhruvamaśnanti medinīm.

10. mā ca buddhim adharme tvam kuryāḥ rājan katham cana
buddhimantaḥ hi rājānaḥ dhruvam aśnanti medinīm

10. rājan tvam buddhim adharme katham cana mā kuryāḥ
hi buddhimantaḥ rājānaḥ dhruvam medinīm aśnanti

10. O king, never let your intellect incline towards unrighteousness (adharma) in any way. For truly, intelligent kings certainly attain sovereignty over the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• च (ca) - and, also

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect, mind, understanding

• अधर्मे (adharme) - in unrighteousness, in injustice

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• कुर्याः (kuryāḥ) - you should do, you should make

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• कथम् (katham) - in any way (how, in what way)

• चन (cana) - ever, in any way whatsoever (with katham) (even, indeed)

• बुद्धिमन्तः (buddhimantaḥ) - intelligent, wise

• हि (hi) - for truly (indeed, surely, for)

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, permanently

• अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - they attain sovereignty (they obtain, they enjoy, they reach)

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - sovereignty over the earth (the earth, the land)

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

Note: Prohibitive particle used with optative or imperative mood verbs.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect, mind, understanding

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, mind

Root: budh (class 1)

अधर्मे (adharme) - in unrighteousness, in injustice

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, violation of natural law (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

कुर्याः (kuryāḥ) - you should do, you should make

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

कथम् (katham) - in any way (how, in what way)

(indeclinable)

चन (cana) - ever, in any way whatsoever (with katham) (even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with katham to mean 'in any way whatsoever'.

बुद्धिमन्तः (buddhimantaḥ) - intelligent, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of buddhimant

buddhimant - intelligent, wise, endowed with intellect

Derived from buddhi + matup suffix

हि (hi) - for truly (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, permanently

(indeclinable)

Root: dhru

Note: Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular.

अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - they attain sovereignty (they obtain, they enjoy, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of aś

Root: aś (class 5)

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - sovereignty over the earth (the earth, the land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - the earth, soil, land

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