वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-12, verse-9

तत्राहमरतिं विन्दंस्तया हीनः सुदुःखितः ।
तस्मात् पुराद्दुहितरं गृहीत्वा वनमागतः ॥९॥

9. tatrāhamaratiṃ vindaṃstayā hīnaḥ suduḥkhitaḥ ,
tasmāt purādduhitaraṃ gṛhītvā vanamāgataḥ.

9. tatra aham aratim vindan tayā hīnaḥ suduḥkhitaḥ
tasmāt purāt duhitaram gṛhītvā vanam āgataḥ

9. tatra tayā hīnaḥ,
aratim vindan,
suduḥkhitaḥ aham,
tasmāt purāt duhitaram gṛhītvā vanam āgataḥ.

9. There, experiencing restlessness and profoundly distressed due to being separated from her, I left that city and came to the forest, taking my daughter.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in Hemapura) (there; in that place)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• अरतिम् (aratim) - restlessness (restlessness; discontent; unease)

• विन्दन् (vindan) - experiencing (finding; experiencing; obtaining)

• तया (tayā) - by her (referring to Hema, cause of separation) (by her; from her)

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - separated from (her) (deprived of; separated from; lacking)

• सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - profoundly distressed (very distressed; greatly saddened)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (city) (from that; therefore)

• पुरात् (purāt) - from the city (Hemapura) (from the city)

• दुहितरम् (duhitaram) - his daughter (daughter)

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken (having taken; taking)

• वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - came (to the forest) (come; arrived)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (in Hemapura) (there; in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अरतिम् (aratim) - restlessness (restlessness; discontent; unease)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of arati

arati - restlessness, discontent, dissatisfaction

Negation of rati (pleasure)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+rati)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• rati – pleasure, enjoyment, attachment
  noun (feminine)
  from root ram (to delight)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of `vindan`.

विन्दन् (vindan) - experiencing (finding; experiencing; obtaining)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vindat

vindat - finding, experiencing, obtaining

Present Active Participle

from root vid (to find) with suffix -at

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Modifies `aham`.

तया (tayā) - by her (referring to Hema, cause of separation) (by her; from her)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Indicates agent or cause with `hīnaḥ`.

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - separated from (her) (deprived of; separated from; lacking)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived of, separated from, lacking, inferior

Past Passive Participle

from root hā (to abandon, leave) with suffix -na

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Modifies `aham`.

सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - profoundly distressed (very distressed; greatly saddened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduḥkhita

suduḥkhita - very distressed, deeply saddened

compound of su- (very) and duḥkhita (distressed, past passive participle)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkhita)

• su – good, well, very
  prefix
• duḥkhita – distressed, afflicted, saddened
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root duḥkh (to suffer) with suffix -ta
  Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Modifies `aham`.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (city) (from that; therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `purāt`.

पुरात् (purāt) - from the city (Hemapura) (from the city)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Note: Point of departure.

दुहितरम् (duhitaram) - his daughter (daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duhitṛ

duhitṛ - daughter

Note: Object of `gṛhītvā`.

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken (having taken; taking)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

from root grah (to seize, take) with suffix -tvā

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Precedes the main verb's action.

वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Indicates direction/destination.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - came (to the forest) (come; arrived)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned

Past Passive Participle

from prefix ā- and root gam (to go) with suffix -ta

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main predicate, used actively.