वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-35, verse-4

ते संप्रहृष्टा हरयो भीमानुद्यम्य पादपान् ।
आकाशं विविशुः सर्वे मार्गामाणा दिशो दश ॥४॥

4. te saṃprahṛṣṭā harayo bhīmānudyamya pādapān ,
ākāśaṃ viviśuḥ sarve mārgāmāṇā diśo daśa.

4. te samprahṛṣṭāḥ harayaḥ bhīmān udyamya pādapān
ākāśaṃ viviśuḥ sarve mārgamāṇāḥ diśaḥ daśa

4. te samprahṛṣṭāḥ sarve harayaḥ bhīmān pādapān
udyamya ākāśaṃ viviśuḥ daśa diśaḥ mārgamāṇāḥ

4. Those greatly delighted monkeys, all having lifted fearsome trees, entered the sky, searching in all ten directions.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (monkeys) (those, they)

• सम्प्रहृष्टाः (samprahṛṣṭāḥ) - greatly delighted (greatly delighted, overjoyed)

• हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys (monkeys, lions, horses)

• भीमान् (bhīmān) - fearsome (fearsome, terrible, awful)

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having lifted up (having lifted, having raised)

• पादपान् (pādapān) - trees

• आकाशं (ākāśaṁ) - the sky (sky, space, ether)

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

• मार्गमाणाः (mārgamāṇāḥ) - searching (searching, seeking)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

• दश (daśa) - ten

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (monkeys) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

सम्प्रहृष्टाः (samprahṛṣṭāḥ) - greatly delighted (greatly delighted, overjoyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samprahṛṣṭa

samprahṛṣṭa - greatly delighted, overjoyed, very happy

Past Passive Participle

ppp of root hṛṣ (to rejoice) with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys (monkeys, lions, horses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, lion, horse, Vishnu

भीमान् (bhīmān) - fearsome (fearsome, terrible, awful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, dreadful, formidable, mighty

Root: bhī (class 3)

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having lifted up (having lifted, having raised)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive of root yam with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

पादपान् (pādapān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (lit. drinking by foot)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinking (from root pā)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

आकाशं (ākāśaṁ) - the sky (sky, space, ether)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, atmosphere, space, ether

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of viś

perfect

3rd person plural perfect active of root viś

Root: viś (class 6)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

मार्गमाणाः (mārgamāṇāḥ) - searching (searching, seeking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mārgamāṇa

mārgamāṇa - searching, seeking, pursuing

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle of root mārg (to seek)

Root: mārg (class 10)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Always plural in meaning, but syntactically can be singular or plural in form depending on context.

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