वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-38, verse-10

धारयिष्यामि मासं तु जीवितं शत्रुसूदन ।
मासादूर्ध्वं न जीविष्ये त्वया हीना नृपात्मज ॥१०॥

10. dhārayiṣyāmi māsaṃ tu jīvitaṃ śatrusūdana ,
māsādūrdhvaṃ na jīviṣye tvayā hīnā nṛpātmaja.

10. dhārayiṣyāmi māsam tu jīvitam śatrusūdana
māsāt ūrdhvam na jīviṣye tvayā hīnā nṛpātmaja

10. śatrusūdana nṛpātmaja tu aham jīvitam māsam
dhārayiṣyāmi māsāt ūrdhvam tvayā hīnā na jīviṣye

10. Indeed, I will sustain my life for only one month, O destroyer of foes (śatrusūdana). After this month, I will not live, separated from you, O son of the king (nṛpātmaja).

Words meanings summery:

• धारयिष्यामि (dhārayiṣyāmi) - I will sustain (I will bear, I will hold, I will sustain)

• मासम् (māsam) - for a month (a month, for a month)

• तु (tu) - indeed, only (but, indeed, however)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, existence)

• शत्रुसूदन (śatrusūdana) - O destroyer of foes (addressing Rāma) (destroyer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

• मासात् (māsāt) - after a month (from a month)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after (upwards, above, after, beyond)

• न (na) - not

• जीविष्ये (jīviṣye) - I will live

• त्वया (tvayā) - from you (indicating separation) (by you, with you)

• हीना (hīnā) - separated from (deprived of, abandoned, separated from)

• नृपात्मज (nṛpātmaja) - O son of the king (addressing Rāma) (son of a king, prince)

Words meanings and morphology

धारयिष्यामि (dhārayiṣyāmi) - I will sustain (I will bear, I will hold, I will sustain)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of dhāray

future active (causative stem)

Derived from root √dhṛ (1P) with causative suffix -ay, then future suffix -iṣya.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

मासम् (māsam) - for a month (a month, for a month)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Accusative indicating duration of time.

तु (tu) - indeed, only (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the limited duration.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, existence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence, livelihood

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from root √jīv.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dhārayiṣyāmi'.

शत्रुसूदन (śatrusūdana) - O destroyer of foes (addressing Rāma) (destroyer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatrusūdana

śatrusūdana - destroyer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

Compound of 'śatru' (enemy) and 'sūdana' (destroying, killing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+sūdana)

• śatru – enemy, foe, rival
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroying, killing, slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √sūd.
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Vocative singular, addressing Rāma through Hanuman.

मासात् (māsāt) - after a month (from a month)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Ablative case, indicating 'from' or 'after' the month.

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after (upwards, above, after, beyond)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'after' or 'beyond'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

जीविष्ये (jīviṣye) - I will live

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of jīv

future middle

Derived from root √jīv.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: First person singular future middle verb.

त्वया (tvayā) - from you (indicating separation) (by you, with you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Instrumental case, often used with 'hīna' to denote separation.

हीना (hīnā) - separated from (deprived of, abandoned, separated from)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hīna

hīna - left, abandoned, deprived of, deficient, low

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hā.

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'aham' (I), feminine form.

नृपात्मज (nṛpātmaja) - O son of the king (addressing Rāma) (son of a king, prince)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - son of a king, prince

Compound of 'nṛpa' (king) and 'ātmaja' (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – self-born, son, daughter
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'ātman' (self) and 'ja' (born).

Note: Vocative singular, addressing Rāma through Hanuman.