वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-16, verse-23

ताभिः परिवृतो राजा सुरूपाभिर्महायशाः ।
तन्मृगद्विजसंघुष्टं प्रविष्टः प्रमदावनम् ॥२३॥

23. tābhiḥ parivṛto rājā surūpābhirmahāyaśāḥ ,
tanmṛgadvijasaṃghuṣṭaṃ praviṣṭaḥ pramadāvanam.

23. tābhiḥ parivṛtaḥ rājā surūpābhiḥ mahāyaśāḥ
tat mṛgadvijasaṅghuṣṭam praviṣṭaḥ pramadāvanam

23. mahāyaśāḥ rājā tābhiḥ surūpābhiḥ parivṛtaḥ
tat mṛgadvijasaṅghuṣṭam pramadāvanam praviṣṭaḥ

23. The highly renowned king (Ravana), surrounded by those beautiful women, entered that pleasure grove which resounded with deer and birds.

Words meanings summery:

• ताभिः (tābhiḥ) - by those (ladies) (by them, with them)

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by the ladies) (surrounded, encompassed)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Ravana) (king)

• सुरूपाभिः (surūpābhiḥ) - by the beautiful (ladies) (by the beautiful ones, by those with good form)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the highly renowned (Ravana) (very famous, highly renowned)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the pleasure grove) (that)

• मृगद्विजसङ्घुष्टम् (mṛgadvijasaṅghuṣṭam) - (the pleasure grove) resounding with deer and birds (resounding with deer and birds)

• प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - (he) entered (entered)

• प्रमदावनम् (pramadāvanam) - the pleasure grove (pleasure grove, women's garden)

Words meanings and morphology

ताभिः (tābhiḥ) - by those (ladies) (by them, with them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun tad, feminine, instrumental plural.

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by the ladies) (surrounded, encompassed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, enclose) with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

राजा (rājā) - the king (Ravana) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

सुरूपाभिः (surūpābhiḥ) - by the beautiful (ladies) (by the beautiful ones, by those with good form)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of surūpā

surūpa - beautiful, handsome, well-formed

Compound of su (good) + rūpa (form).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+rūpa)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• rūpa – form, beauty, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies tābhiḥ (implied strībhiḥ).

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the highly renowned (Ravana) (very famous, highly renowned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - very famous, highly renowned, glorious

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahat (great) + yaśas (fame).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+yaśas)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies rājā.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the pleasure grove) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun tad, neuter, nominative/accusative singular. Here, accusative singular, modifying pramadāvanam.

मृगद्विजसङ्घुष्टम् (mṛgadvijasaṅghuṣṭam) - (the pleasure grove) resounding with deer and birds (resounding with deer and birds)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛgadvijasaṅghuṣṭa

mṛgadvijasaṅghuṣṭa - resounding with deer and birds

Bahuvrīhi compound: mṛga (deer) and dvija (bird) + saṅghuṣṭa (resounded with).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mṛga+dvija+saṅghuṣṭa)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• dvija – twice-born; bird (among other meanings like brahmin, tooth)
  noun (masculine)
• saṅghuṣṭa – resounded with, filled with sounds
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ghuṣ (to sound) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies pramadāvanam.

प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - (he) entered (entered)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root viś (to enter) with prefix pra. ś becomes ṣ after pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: The agent (rājā) is in the nominative, typical for participles used as main verbs in certain constructions or poetic contexts.

प्रमदावनम् (pramadāvanam) - the pleasure grove (pleasure grove, women's garden)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pramadāvana

pramadāvana - pleasure grove, women's garden

Tatpuruṣa compound: pramadā (woman, lady) + vana (grove, forest). Grove for women's pleasure.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pramadā+vana)

• pramadā – woman, lady, charming woman
  noun (feminine)
• vana – grove, forest, garden
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of praviṣṭaḥ.