वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-4, verse-9

अहमस्यावरो भ्राता गुणैर्दास्यमुपागतः ।
कृतज्ञस्य बहुज्ञस्य लक्ष्मणो नाम नामतः ॥९॥

9. ahamasyāvaro bhrātā guṇairdāsyamupāgataḥ ,
kṛtajñasya bahujñasya lakṣmaṇo nāma nāmataḥ.

9. aham asya avaraḥ bhrātā guṇaiḥ dāsyam upāgataḥ
kṛtajñasya bahujñasya lakṣmaṇaḥ nāma nāmataḥ

9. aham asya avaraḥ bhrātā guṇaiḥ dāsyam upāgataḥ
kṛtajñasya bahujñasya nāmataḥ nāma lakṣmaṇaḥ

9. I am his younger brother, who, through my merits, has accepted service (dāsya). My name is Lakshmana, and I serve this grateful and very knowledgeable person.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अस्य (asya) - his, of this (person)

• अवरः (avaraḥ) - younger, inferior, subsequent

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by virtues, by qualities

• दास्यम् (dāsyam) - servitude, service, slavery

• उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - attained, approached, undertaken

• कृतज्ञस्य (kṛtajñasya) - of the grateful one, of the one who knows what has been done

• बहुज्ञस्य (bahujñasya) - of the very knowledgeable one, of the omniscient one

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• नामतः (nāmataḥ) - by name, according to name

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अस्य (asya) - his, of this (person)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

अवरः (avaraḥ) - younger, inferior, subsequent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avara

avara - younger, inferior, subsequent, western

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by virtues, by qualities

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, merit

दास्यम् (dāsyam) - servitude, service, slavery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dāsya

dāsya - servitude, service, slavery

उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - attained, approached, undertaken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - approached, attained, gone near

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: upā

Root: gam

कृतज्ञस्य (kṛtajñasya) - of the grateful one, of the one who knows what has been done

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛtajña

kṛtajña - grateful, knowing what has been done, sagacious

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛta+jña)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ
• jña – knowing, perceiving, familiar with
  adjective
  Root: jñā

बहुज्ञस्य (bahujñasya) - of the very knowledgeable one, of the omniscient one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bahujña

bahujña - very knowledgeable, omniscient, polymath

Compound type : tatpurusha (bahu+jña)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective
• jña – knowing, perceiving, familiar with
  adjective
  Root: jñā

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (name)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially to mean 'by name' or 'named'.

नामतः (nāmataḥ) - by name, according to name

(indeclinable)

Derived from nāman with the suffix -tas, forming an indeclinable word meaning 'by name'.

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