वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-4, verse-21

इत्येवमुक्त्वा हनुमाञ् श्लक्ष्णं मधुरया गिरा ।
बभाषे सो ऽभिगच्छामः सुग्रीवमिति राघवम् ॥२१॥

21. ityevamuktvā hanumāñ ślakṣṇaṃ madhurayā girā ,
babhāṣe so'bhigacchāmaḥ sugrīvamiti rāghavam.

21. iti evam uktvā hanumān ślakṣṇam madhurayā girā
babhāṣe saḥ abhigacchāmaḥ sugrīvam iti rāghavam

21. iti evam uktvā hanumān ślakṣṇam madhurayā girā
saḥ rāghavam babhāṣe iti sugrīvam abhigacchāmaḥ

21. Having spoken thus, Hanuman, with a soft and sweet voice, addressed Rama (Rāghava), saying, 'Let us go to Sugriva.'

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, in this manner, 'so-called', marks quotation)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this way, so)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having said, having spoken)

• हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanuman (Hanuman (name of the monkey deity))

• श्लक्ष्णम् (ślakṣṇam) - softly (smoothly, softly, gently)

• मधुरया (madhurayā) - with a sweet (voice) (by means of sweet, with a sweet)

• गिरा (girā) - with a voice (by speech, with voice)

• बभाषे (babhāṣe) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Hanuman) (he, that)

• अभिगच्छामः (abhigacchāmaḥ) - let us go to (let us go to, we go to)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugriva (Sugriva (accusative))

• इति (iti) - marks quotation (thus, in this manner, 'so-called', marks quotation)

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - to Rama (Rama (descendant of Raghu), accusative)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (thus, in this manner, 'so-called', marks quotation)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce or conclude a direct speech.

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this way, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root vac (class 2) + suffix tvā. vac undergoes samprasarana (va → u).

Root: vac (class 2)

हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanuman (Hanuman (name of the monkey deity))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanumat

hanumat - Hanuman (name of the monkey general, son of Vayu)

Possessive adjective derived from hanu (jaw) + mat (possessive suffix), literally 'having a jaw'.

Note: Subject of 'babhāṣe'.

श्लक्ष्णम् (ślakṣṇam) - softly (smoothly, softly, gently)

(indeclinable)

Functions as an adverb in neuter accusative singular.

Note: Used adverbially to describe the manner of speaking.

मधुरया (madhurayā) - with a sweet (voice) (by means of sweet, with a sweet)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming

Feminine form madhurā, instrumental singular.

Note: Modifies 'girā'.

गिरा (girā) - with a voice (by speech, with voice)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - speech, voice, word

Feminine i-stem noun, instrumental singular.

बभाषे (babhāṣe) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of bhāṣ

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect form of root bhāṣ (class 1, bhāṣate). Middle voice ending.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he (Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative masculine singular of tad.

अभिगच्छामः (abhigacchāmaḥ) - let us go to (let us go to, we go to)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (loṭ) of abhigam

Present Tense (Hortative)

From prefix abhi + root gam (class 1, gacchati) + maḥ (1st person plural ending). Used here in the hortative sense of 'let us go'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugriva (Sugriva (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating goodness or excellence.
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'abhigacchāmaḥ'.

इति (iti) - marks quotation (thus, in this manner, 'so-called', marks quotation)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce or conclude a direct speech.

राघवम् (rāghavam) - to Rama (Rama (descendant of Raghu), accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet for Rama

From raghu + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

Note: Object of 'babhāṣe'.

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