वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-4, verse-23

कपिः कथयते हृष्टो यथायं मारुतात्मजः ।
कृत्यवान् सो ऽपि संप्राप्तः कृतकृत्यो ऽसि राघव ॥२३॥

23. kapiḥ kathayate hṛṣṭo yathāyaṃ mārutātmajaḥ ,
kṛtyavān so'pi saṃprāptaḥ kṛtakṛtyo'si rāghava.

23. kapiḥ kathayate hṛṣṭaḥ yathā ayam mārutātmajaḥ
kṛtyavān saḥ api samprāptaḥ kṛtakṛtyaḥ asi rāghava

23. rāghava yathā ayam mārutātmajaḥ kapiḥ hṛṣṭaḥ kathayate
saḥ api kṛtyavān samprāptaḥ (asti) asi kṛtakṛtyaḥ

23. O Rama (Rāghava)! Just as this son of Maruta (Mārutātmaja), the monkey (kapi), speaks joyfully, he too has achieved his purpose, and thus you have accomplished your objective.

Words meanings summery:

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - monkey (Hanuman) (monkey)

• कथयते (kathayate) - he speaks (he tells, he narrates, he speaks)

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyfully (joyful, glad, delighted)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (Hanuman) (this, this one)

• मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - son of Maruta (Mārutātmaja) (Hanuman) (son of Maruta (wind god))

• कृत्यवान् (kṛtyavān) - has accomplished his task (having accomplished his purpose, having done what was to be done)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Hanuman) (he, that)

• अपि (api) - too (also, even, too)

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - has achieved (his purpose) (arrived, obtained, achieved)

• कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - accomplished your objective (one who has done what was to be done, one who has achieved his purpose)

• असि (asi) - you are

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rama

Words meanings and morphology

कपिः (kapiḥ) - monkey (Hanuman) (monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Masculine i-stem noun.

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

कथयते (kathayate) - he speaks (he tells, he narrates, he speaks)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kath

Present Tense

From root kath (class 10, kathayati) or from a denominative root. Middle voice ending.

Root: kath (class 10)

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyfully (joyful, glad, delighted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - joyful, glad, delighted, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to be excited, to rejoice) + ta suffix. Nominative masculine singular.

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Adverb/conjunction.

Note: Introduces a clause of comparison or manner.

अयम् (ayam) - this (Hanuman) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here, now

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular.

मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - son of Maruta (Mārutātmaja) (Hanuman) (son of Maruta (wind god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārutātmaja

mārutātmaja - son of Maruta (the wind god), an epithet for Hanuman

Compound type : tatpurusha (māruta+ātmaja)

• māruta – wind, wind-god, son of the wind (Maruta)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from marut (wind).
• ātmaja – son, born from oneself
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Epithet for Hanuman.

कृत्यवान् (kṛtyavān) - has accomplished his task (having accomplished his purpose, having done what was to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtyavat

kṛtyavat - one who has a task, one who has accomplished a task

From kṛtya (that which should be done, duty) + vat (possessive suffix). Nominative masculine singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate for 'saḥ' (Hanuman).

सः (saḥ) - he (Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative masculine singular of tad.

Note: Refers to Hanuman. 'So 'pi' is 'saḥ api'.

अपि (api) - too (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - has achieved (his purpose) (arrived, obtained, achieved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - arrived, obtained, achieved, reached

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sam + pra + root āp (to obtain, reach) + ta suffix. Nominative masculine singular.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - accomplished your objective (one who has done what was to be done, one who has achieved his purpose)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtakṛtya

kṛtakṛtya - one who has done what ought to be done, one who has achieved his purpose

Bahuvrihi compound: kṛta (done) + kṛtya (that which is to be done). Nominative masculine singular.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+kṛtya)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ + ta suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kṛtya – what should be done, duty, objective
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive (Potentive Passive Participle)
  From root kṛ + tya suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate for 'asi' (you). 'Kṛtakṛtyo 'si' is 'kṛtakṛtyaḥ asi'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

From root as (class 2) + si (2nd person singular ending).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to Rama.

राघव (rāghava) - O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet for Rama

From raghu + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

Note: Form of address to Rama.

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