वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-4, verse-17

एवं ब्रुवाणं सौमित्रिं करुणं साश्रुपातनम् ।
हनूमान्प्रत्युवाचेदं वाक्यं वाक्यविशारदः ॥१७॥

17. evaṃ bruvāṇaṃ saumitriṃ karuṇaṃ sāśrupātanam ,
hanūmānpratyuvācedaṃ vākyaṃ vākyaviśāradaḥ.

17. evam bruvāṇam saumitrim karuṇam sāśrupātanam
hanūmān pratyuvāca idam vākyam vākyaviśāradaḥ

17. vākyaviśāradaḥ hanūmān evaṃ karuṇam sāśrupātanam
bruvāṇam saumitrim idam vākyam pratyuvāca

17. Hanuman, who was skilled in speech, replied these words to Lakshmana (Saumitri), who was speaking mournfully and shedding tears.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking, telling

• सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - to Lakshmana, son of Sumitra

• करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously, mournfully, compassionately

• साश्रुपातनम् (sāśrupātanam) - with tears falling, shedding tears

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

• इदम् (idam) - this, these

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, word, statement

• वाक्यविशारदः (vākyaviśāradaḥ) - skilled in speech, eloquent

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

adverbial particle

Note: Refers to the manner of speaking.

ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - speaking, telling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bruvāṇa

bruvāṇa - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root brū (to speak), present participle with śānac suffix.

Root: brū (class 2)

सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - to Lakshmana, son of Sumitra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra)

Patronymic derived from Sumitrā.

Note: Object of the implied verb 'replied'.

करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously, mournfully, compassionately

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karuṇa

karuṇa - compassionate, pitiable, mournful

Often functions as an adverb in accusative singular neuter.

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

साश्रुपातनम् (sāśrupātanam) - with tears falling, shedding tears

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāśrupātana

sāśrupātana - accompanied by the falling of tears, shedding tears

Bahuvrihi compound sa-aśrupātana (with falling of tears).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aśrupātana)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  prefix for bahuvrihi compounds
• aśrupātana – shedding of tears, falling of tears
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of aśru (tear) and pātana (causing to fall, falling).

Note: Adjective agreeing with saumitrim.

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanuman (name of the monkey deity)

Derived from hanu (jaw) + matup (possessing), meaning 'one with (prominent) jaws'.

Note: Subject of the verb pratyuvāca.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prati-vac

Perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this, these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these (neuter demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter singular accusative.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, word, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

Derived from vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

वाक्यविशारदः (vākyaviśāradaḥ) - skilled in speech, eloquent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vākyaviśārada

vākyaviśārada - skilled in speech, eloquent, adept in rhetoric

Tatpurusha compound: vākya (speech) + viśārada (skilled).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vākya+viśārada)

• vākya – speech, word, sentence
  noun (neuter)
  From root vac.
  Root: vac (class 2)
• viśārada – skilled, expert, clever, accomplished
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi + śṛd (to break, to scatter) + a or from śarad 'autumn' implying 'mature, clear'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śrad

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