वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-4, verse-15

एष दत्त्वा च वित्तानि प्राप्य चानुत्तमं यशः ।
लोकनाथः पुरा भूत्वा सुग्रीवं नाथमिच्छति ॥१५॥

15. eṣa dattvā ca vittāni prāpya cānuttamaṃ yaśaḥ ,
lokanāthaḥ purā bhūtvā sugrīvaṃ nāthamicchati.

15. eṣa dattvā ca vittāni prāpya ca anuttamam yaśaḥ
lokanāthaḥ purā bhūtvā sugrīvam nātham icchati

15. eṣa purā lokanāthaḥ bhūtvā ca vittāni dattvā ca
anuttamam yaśaḥ prāpya sugrīvam nātham icchati

15. Having previously been the lord of the world, this Rāma, even after having given away riches and acquired supreme fame, now desires Sugrīva as his protector.

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this one (Rāma) (this, this one)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (away) (having given)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वित्तानि (vittāni) - riches (wealth, riches, possessions)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having acquired (having obtained, having reached)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - supreme (supreme, unsurpassed, excellent)

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame (fame, glory, reputation)

• लोकनाथः (lokanāthaḥ) - the lord of the world (lord of the world, protector of people)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been (having been, having become)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva (Sugrīva (accusative))

• नाथम् (nātham) - as a protector (protector, lord, master)

• इच्छति (icchati) - desires (he desires, he wishes)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this one (Rāma) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to Rāma.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (away) (having given)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root dā (to give) + tvā (absolutive suffix).

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, pairs with the second 'ca'.

वित्तानि (vittāni) - riches (wealth, riches, possessions)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vitta

vitta - found, acquired, wealth, property

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root vid (to find, obtain). Here used as a noun meaning 'things obtained/wealth'.

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Object of 'dattvā'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having acquired (having obtained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From pra-āp (to obtain) + ya (absolutive suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, pairs with the first 'ca'.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - supreme (supreme, unsurpassed, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, most excellent, supreme

Compound: an- (not) + uttama (highest, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+uttama)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• uttama – highest, best, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of ud- (up).
  Prefix: ud

Note: Modifies 'yaśaḥ'.

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame (fame, glory, reputation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, honor, reputation

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

लोकनाथः (lokanāthaḥ) - the lord of the world (lord of the world, protector of people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lokanātha

lokanātha - lord of the world, protector of the people, sovereign

Compound: loka (world, people) + nātha (lord, protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+nātha)

• loka – world, people, universe
  noun (masculine)
• nātha – lord, master, protector, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'eṣa'.

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been (having been, having become)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root bhū (to be, become) + tvā (absolutive suffix).

Root: bhū (class 1)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva (Sugrīva (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king), one with a beautiful neck

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: First object of 'icchati'.

नाथम् (nātham) - as a protector (protector, lord, master)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nātha

nātha - lord, master, protector, husband

Note: Second object of 'icchati' (double accusative construction, 'desires Sugrīva [to be] a protector').

इच्छति (icchati) - desires (he desires, he wishes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

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