वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-2, verse-8

ते क्षिप्रमभिगम्याथ यूथपा यूथपर्षभम् ।
हरयो वानरश्रेष्ठं परिवार्योपतस्थिरे ॥८॥

8. te kṣipramabhigamyātha yūthapā yūthaparṣabham ,
harayo vānaraśreṣṭhaṃ parivāryopatasthire.

8. te kṣipram abhigamya atha yūthapāḥ yūthaparṣabham
harayaḥ vānaraśreṣṭham parivārya upatastire

8. atha te yūthapāḥ harayaḥ kṣipram yūthaparṣabham
vānaraśreṣṭham abhigamya parivārya upatastire

8. Then, those monkey chiefs, quickly approaching their leader, Sugriva (the best of the monkeys), surrounded him and stood by.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - The ministers/chiefs from the previous verse (those, they)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached, having gone towards

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• यूथपाः (yūthapāḥ) - Sugriva's monkey chiefs (group leaders, chiefs of troops)

• यूथपर्षभम् (yūthaparṣabham) - the chief of the monkey horde (Sugriva) (the chief of the group, the bull of the herd (metaphorically, the best))

• हरयः (harayaḥ) - Sugriva's monkey chiefs (monkeys, tawny ones)

• वानरश्रेष्ठम् (vānaraśreṣṭham) - Sugriva, the chief of monkeys (the best of monkeys)

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

• उपतस्तिरे (upatastire) - they stood near, they attended, they approached

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - The ministers/chiefs from the previous verse (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sugriva's ministers/chiefs from previous verse

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Neuter accusative singular used as an adverb

Root: kṣip (class 6)

अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached, having gone towards

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From 'abhi' (towards) + √gam (to go) + 'lyap' suffix

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Absolutives are indeclinable verb forms

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/adverb

यूथपाः (yūthapāḥ) - Sugriva's monkey chiefs (group leaders, chiefs of troops)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yūthapa

yūthapa - group leader, chief of a troop

Compound of 'yūtha' (herd, troop) and 'pa' (protector, leader)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (yūtha+pa)

• yūtha – herd, flock, troop, group
  noun (neuter)
  From √yudh (to fight), but here means group
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• pa – protector, ruler, leader
  noun (masculine)
  From √pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Refers to Sugriva's chiefs

यूथपर्षभम् (yūthaparṣabham) - the chief of the monkey horde (Sugriva) (the chief of the group, the bull of the herd (metaphorically, the best))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yūthaparṣabha

yūthaparṣabha - chief of the herd, bull of the troop (metaphorically, the best)

Compound of 'yūtha' (herd, troop) and 'ṛṣabha' (bull, chief, best)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (yūtha+ṛṣabha)

• yūtha – herd, troop, group
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)
  From √ṛṣ (to go, move)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sugriva

हरयः (harayaḥ) - Sugriva's monkey chiefs (monkeys, tawny ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, tawny, lion, Vishnu

From √hṛ (to take, carry)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Synonym for 'vānarāḥ'

वानरश्रेष्ठम् (vānaraśreṣṭham) - Sugriva, the chief of monkeys (the best of monkeys)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vānaraśreṣṭha

vānaraśreṣṭha - best of monkeys

Compound of 'vānara' (monkey) and 'śreṣṭha' (best)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vānara+śreṣṭha)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vana' (forest) + 'ra' (dweller, related to)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy)

Note: Refers to Sugriva

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From 'pari' (around) + √vṛ (to cover, encompass) + 'lyap' suffix

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Absolutives are indeclinable verb forms

उपतस्तिरे (upatastire) - they stood near, they attended, they approached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of upasthā

Perfect Middle

Reduplicated perfect form of 'upa' (near) + √sthā (to stand)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)