वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-2, verse-6

एतौ वनमिदं दुर्गं वालिप्रणिहितौ ध्रुवम् ।
छद्मना चीरवसनौ प्रचरन्ताविहागतौ ॥६॥

6. etau vanamidaṃ durgaṃ vālipraṇihitau dhruvam ,
chadmanā cīravasanau pracarantāvihāgatau.

6. etau vanam idam durgam vālipraṇihitau dhruvam
chadmanā cīravasanau pracarantau iha āgatau

6. etau dhruvam vālipraṇihitau chadmanā cīravasanau
idam durgam vanam pracarantau iha āgatau

6. These two have surely been sent by Vali; they have arrived here, disguised in bark garments and moving about this inaccessible forest.

Words meanings summery:

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• इदम् (idam) - this

• दुर्गम् (durgam) - difficult, inaccessible, fort

• वालिप्रणिहितौ (vālipraṇihitau) - sent by Vali, deployed by Vali

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, fixed, firm

• छद्मना (chadmanā) - by deception, fraudulently, in disguise

• चीरवसनौ (cīravasanau) - wearing bark garments

• प्रचरन्तौ (pracarantau) - moving about, wandering, roaming

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• आगतौ (āgatau) - arrived, come

Words meanings and morphology

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, these

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, water

Root: van (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Neuter nominative/accusative singular of 'idam'

दुर्गम् (durgam) - difficult, inaccessible, fort

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durga

durga - difficult, inaccessible, fort

Compound of 'dur' (difficult) and 'ga' (going)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+ga)

• dur – difficult, bad
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• ga – going, moving
  noun (masculine)
  From √gam (to go) + 'ḍa' suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

वालिप्रणिहितौ (vālipraṇihitau) - sent by Vali, deployed by Vali

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vālipraṇihita

vālipraṇihita - sent by Vali, deployed by Vali

Compound of 'Vāli' (proper noun) and 'praṇihita' (sent, deployed)

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (vālin+praṇihita)

• vālin – Vali (name of a monkey king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• praṇihita – placed, sent, deployed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'pra' (forth) + 'ni' (down) + √dhā (to place) + 'kta' suffix
  Prefixes: pra+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, fixed, firm

(indeclinable)

Can be used as adverb or adjective

Root: dhru (class 1)

छद्मना (chadmanā) - by deception, fraudulently, in disguise

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of chadman

chadman - disguise, deception, fraud

From √chad (to cover)

Root: chad (class 1)

चीरवसनौ (cīravasanau) - wearing bark garments

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of cīravasana

cīravasana - wearing bark garments

Compound of 'cīra' (bark garment) and 'vasana' (garment, wearing)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cīra+vasana)

• cīra – bark, strip of bark used as garment
  noun (neuter)
• vasana – garment, clothing
  noun (neuter)
  From √vas (to wear)
  Root: vas (class 2)

प्रचरन्तौ (pracarantau) - moving about, wandering, roaming

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pracarat

pracarat - moving about, wandering

Present Active Participle

From 'pra' (forth) + √car (to move) + 'śatṛ' suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: car (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Adverb

आगतौ (āgatau) - arrived, come

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āgata

āgata - arrived, come

Past Passive Participle

From 'ā' (towards) + √gam (to go) + 'kta' suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)