वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-2, verse-10

ततः शाखामृगाः सर्वे प्लवमाना महाबलाः ।
बभञ्जुश्च नगांस्तत्र पुष्पितान्दुर्गसंश्रितान् ॥१०॥

10. tataḥ śākhāmṛgāḥ sarve plavamānā mahābalāḥ ,
babhañjuśca nagāṃstatra puṣpitāndurgasaṃśritān.

10. tataḥ śākhāmṛgāḥ sarve plavamānāḥ mahābalāḥ
babhañjuḥ ca nagān tatra puṣpitān durgasaṃśritān

10. tataḥ sarve mahābalāḥ plavamānāḥ śākhāmṛgāḥ
tatra durgasaṃśritān puṣpitān nagān ca babhañjuḥ

10. Then, all those exceedingly mighty monkeys, as they leaped, broke the flowering trees that grew in inaccessible places there.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

• शाखामृगाः (śākhāmṛgāḥ) - monkeys (tree-animal, monkey)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every, whole)

• प्लवमानाः (plavamānāḥ) - (monkeys) leaping (leaping, jumping)

• महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - exceedingly mighty (of great strength, mighty, powerful)

• बभञ्जुः (babhañjuḥ) - they broke (they broke, they shattered)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नगान् (nagān) - trees (mountains, trees)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• पुष्पितान् (puṣpitān) - flowering (flowered, blooming, adorned with flowers)

• दुर्गसंश्रितान् (durgasaṁśritān) - growing in inaccessible places (resorting to difficult places, growing in inaccessible terrain)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

शाखामृगाः (śākhāmṛgāḥ) - monkeys (tree-animal, monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śākhāmṛga

śākhāmṛga - tree-animal, monkey (lit. "animal of the branches")

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śākhā+mṛga)

• śākhā – branch, limb
  noun (feminine)
• mṛga – animal, deer, game
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every, whole)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

प्लवमानाः (plavamānāḥ) - (monkeys) leaping (leaping, jumping)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavamāna

plavamāna - leaping, jumping, swimming, floating

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Formed from root 'plu' (to float, to jump) + 'śānac' suffix.

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śākhāmṛgāḥ'.

महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - exceedingly mighty (of great strength, mighty, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty, powerful

Compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

बभञ्जुः (babhañjuḥ) - they broke (they broke, they shattered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhañj

Perfect tense (Liṭ)

3rd person plural, active voice. Reduplicated root.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नगान् (nagān) - trees (mountains, trees)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of naga

naga - mountain (lit. "not going"), tree (by extension of not moving), snake, elephant

'na' (not) + 'ga' (going).

Prefix: na

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'babhañjuḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from pronominal base 'tad'.

Note: Specifies location.

पुष्पितान् (puṣpitān) - flowering (flowered, blooming, adorned with flowers)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puṣpita

puṣpita - flowered, in bloom, blossoming

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'puṣp' (to blossom, to flower) + suffix 'ita'.

Root: puṣp (class 4)

दुर्गसंश्रितान् (durgasaṁśritān) - growing in inaccessible places (resorting to difficult places, growing in inaccessible terrain)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of durgasaṃśrita

durgasaṁśrita - resorting to difficult places, dwelling in inaccessible regions, growing in difficult terrain

Compound. 'saṃśrita' is a Past Passive Participle.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (durga+saṃśrita)

• durga – difficult to access, inaccessible place, fort
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  From 'dur' (bad, difficult) + 'gam' (to go).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: gam (class 1)
• saṃśrita – resorted to, dependent on, joined with, situated in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from prefix 'sam' + root 'śri' (to resort to, to depend on) + suffix 'kta'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śri (class 1)