वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-2, verse-26

शुद्धात्मानौ यदि त्वेतौ जानीहि त्वं प्लवंगम ।
व्याभाषितैर्वा रूपैर्वा विज्ञेया दुष्टतानयोः ॥२६॥

26. śuddhātmānau yadi tvetau jānīhi tvaṃ plavaṃgama ,
vyābhāṣitairvā rūpairvā vijñeyā duṣṭatānayoḥ.

26. śuddha ātmānau yadi tu etau jānīhi tvam plavaṅgama
| vyābhāṣitaiḥ vā rūpaiḥ vā vijñeyā duṣṭatā anayoḥ

26. plavaṅgama tvam yadi etau śuddha ātmānau jānīhi
vā vyābhāṣitaiḥ vā rūpaiḥ anayoḥ duṣṭatā vijñeyā

26. O monkey (plavaṅgama), you should ascertain if these two are pure in spirit (ātman). Their wickedness, if present, should be identified either through their speech or their physical appearance.

Words meanings summery:

• शुद्ध (śuddha) - pure, clean, clear

• आत्मानौ (ātmānau) - two persons (Rama and Lakshmana) in their intrinsic nature (ātman) (two selves, two souls, two spirits)

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• तु (tu) - introduces a slight emphasis or contrast (but, yet, indeed, on the other hand)

• एतौ (etau) - Rama and Lakshmana (these two)

• जानीहि (jānīhi) - know, discern, understand

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• प्लवङ्गम (plavaṅgama) - O Hanuman (O monkey, O one who moves by jumping)

• व्याभाषितैः (vyābhāṣitaiḥ) - by speech, by words

• वा (vā) - or, either

• रूपैः (rūpaiḥ) - by forms, by appearances

• वा (vā) - or, either

• विज्ञेया (vijñeyā) - should be known, should be understood, should be ascertained

• दुष्टता (duṣṭatā) - wickedness, badness, evil nature

• अनयोः (anayoḥ) - of Rama and Lakshmana (of these two)

Words meanings and morphology

शुद्ध (śuddha) - pure, clean, clear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, clear, unblemished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śudh (to purify) + -ta

Root: śudh (class 4)

Note: Part of the compound śuddhātmānau (though separated here by sandhi rules).

आत्मानौ (ātmānau) - two persons (Rama and Lakshmana) in their intrinsic nature (ātman) (two selves, two souls, two spirits)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, living principle

Note: Part of the compound śuddhātmānau (though separated here by sandhi rules).

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - introduces a slight emphasis or contrast (but, yet, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used as an expletive, or to mark a distinction.

एतौ (etau) - Rama and Lakshmana (these two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the two individuals (Rama and Lakshmana).

जानीहि (jānīhi) - know, discern, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of jñā

imperative mood

Present active imperative, 2nd person singular

Root: jñā (class 9)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

प्लवङ्गम (plavaṅgama) - O Hanuman (O monkey, O one who moves by jumping)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of plavaṅgama

plavaṅgama - monkey, one who moves by jumping

Compound of plava (jumping) and gama (going)

Compound type : tatpurusha (plava+gama)

• plava – jumping, floating, a raft
  noun (masculine)
  From root plu (to float, to jump)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• gama – going, moving, a goer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

व्याभाषितैः (vyābhāṣitaiḥ) - by speech, by words

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vyābhāṣita

vyābhāṣita - spoken, uttered, speech, words

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from vi-ā-bhāṣ (to speak, converse) + -ita

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to their manner of speech.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to connect alternatives.

रूपैः (rūpaiḥ) - by forms, by appearances

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

Note: Refers to their physical features or demeanor.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to connect alternatives.

विज्ञेया (vijñeyā) - should be known, should be understood, should be ascertained

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vijñeya

vijñeya - to be known, to be understood, intelligible

Gerundive

Derived from vi-jñā (to know, discern) + -eya (suffix for gerundive)

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'duṣṭatā'.

दुष्टता (duṣṭatā) - wickedness, badness, evil nature

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duṣṭatā

duṣṭatā - wickedness, badness, evil, corruption

Derived from duṣṭa (wicked) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'vijñeyā'.

अनयोः (anayoḥ) - of Rama and Lakshmana (of these two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'duṣṭatā'.