वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-2, verse-18

सुग्रीवस्तु शुभं वाक्यं श्रुत्वा सर्वं हनूमतः ।
ततः शुभतरं वाक्यं हनूमन्तमुवाच ह ॥१८॥

18. sugrīvastu śubhaṃ vākyaṃ śrutvā sarvaṃ hanūmataḥ ,
tataḥ śubhataraṃ vākyaṃ hanūmantamuvāca ha.

18. sugrīvaḥ tu śubham vākyam śrutvā sarvam hanūmataḥ
tataḥ śubhataram vākyam hanūmantam uvāca ha

18. tu sugrīvaḥ hanūmataḥ sarvam śubham vākyam śrutvā
tataḥ hanūmantam śubhataram vākyam uvāca ha

18. But Sugriva, having heard all the excellent words from Hanuman, then spoke even more excellent words to Hanuman.

Words meanings summery:

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• शुभम् (śubham) - excellent (good, auspicious, excellent, beautiful)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (word, speech, statement, sentence)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (the words) (all, everything, the whole)

• हनूमतः (hanūmataḥ) - from Hanuman

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thence, afterwards)

• शुभतरम् (śubhataram) - more excellent (more excellent, more auspicious, more beautiful)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (word, speech, statement, sentence)

• हनूमन्तम् (hanūmantam) - Hanuman (accusative)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ह (ha) - an emphatic particle, no direct translation needed (indeed, surely, an emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (a proper name, lit. 'one with a beautiful neck')

`su` (good) + `grīva` (neck)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'easy'.
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

शुभम् (śubham) - excellent (good, auspicious, excellent, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - good, auspicious, excellent, beautiful

Root: śubh (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (word, speech, statement, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

Derived from vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From verb root śru (to hear) with suffix ktvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (the words) (all, everything, the whole)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Adjective or pronoun modifying `vākyam` (implicitly).

हनूमतः (hanūmataḥ) - from Hanuman

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanuman (name of a prominent Vanara)

Masculine noun with mat-suffix.

Note: Source of the `vākyam`.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem tad.

शुभतरम् (śubhataram) - more excellent (more excellent, more auspicious, more beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubhatara

śubhatara - more excellent, more auspicious, more beautiful (comparative degree)

Comparative suffix -tara added to śubha.

Root: śubh (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, statement (word, speech, statement, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

Derived from vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

हनूमन्तम् (hanūmantam) - Hanuman (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanuman (name of a prominent Vanara)

Masculine noun with mat-suffix.

Note: Direct object of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect, 3rd person singular

From root vac (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - an emphatic particle, no direct translation needed (indeed, surely, an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or as an expletive.