वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-71, verse-13

स तामासाद्य वै रामो दूरादुदकवाहिनीम् ।
मतङ्गसरसं नाम ह्रदं समवगाहत ॥१३॥

13. sa tāmāsādya vai rāmo dūrādudakavāhinīm ,
mataṅgasarasaṃ nāma hradaṃ samavagāhata.

13. saḥ tām āsādya vai rāmaḥ dūrāt udakavāhinīm
mataṅgasarasaṃ nāma hradam samavagāhat

13. saḥ rāmaḥ vai dūrāt udakavāhinīm tām nāma
mataṅgasarasaṃ hradam āsādya samavagāhat

13. Having indeed reached that lake, which carried water from afar, Rama plunged into the lake named Matangasaras.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having approached

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

• उदकवाहिनीम् (udakavāhinīm) - carrying water, water-bearing

• मतङ्गसरसं (mataṅgasarasaṁ) - Matanga's lake

• नाम (nāma) - named, by name

• ह्रदम् (hradam) - lake, deep pool

• समवगाहत् (samavagāhat) - plunged into, bathed in

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from `ā` (prefix) + root `sad` (to sit, approach) + `lyap` suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name), pleasing, dark, beautiful

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

(indeclinable)

Note: functions adverbially

उदकवाहिनीम् (udakavāhinīm) - carrying water, water-bearing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of udakavāhinī

udakavāhinī - water-carrier, water-bearing (feminine)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (udaka+vāhinī)

• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)
• vāhinī – carrying, flowing (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  Agent Noun (feminine form of `vāhin`)
  Derived from root `vah` (to carry, flow) + `ṇini` suffix, then feminine `ī`.
  Root: vah (class 1)

मतङ्गसरसं (mataṅgasarasaṁ) - Matanga's lake

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mataṅgasarasa

mataṅgasarasa - Lake of Matanga (proper noun for a lake)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mataṅga+sarasa)

• mataṅga – Matanga (proper name of a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sarasa – lake, pond
  noun (neuter)

नाम (nāma) - named, by name

(indeclinable)

Note: functions adverbially in this context ('by name')

ह्रदम् (hradam) - lake, deep pool

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hrada

hrada - lake, pond, deep pool

समवगाहत् (samavagāhat) - plunged into, bathed in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (Luṅ) of gāh

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: gāh (class 1)