वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-51, verse-5

परमं खलु ते वीर्यं दृश्यते राक्षसाधम ।
विश्राव्य नामधेयं हि युद्धे नास्ति जिता त्वया ॥५॥

5. paramaṃ khalu te vīryaṃ dṛśyate rākṣasādhama ,
viśrāvya nāmadheyaṃ hi yuddhe nāsti jitā tvayā.

5. paramam khalu te vīryam dṛśyate rākṣasādhama
viśrāvya nāmadheyam hi yuddhe na asti jitā tvayā

5. rākṣasādhama khalu te paramam vīryam dṛśyate hi
nāmadheyam viśrāvya yuddhe tvayā jitā na asti

5. O vilest of demons, indeed your supreme valor is now visible! For, a victory in battle is certainly not achieved by you when you openly declare your name.

Words meanings summery:

• परमम् (paramam) - Sītā ironically refers to Rāvaṇa's 'greatest valor' (supreme, highest, greatest)

• खलु (khalu) - Emphasizes the irony of Sītā's statement (indeed, certainly)

• ते (te) - Rāvaṇa's valor (your, of you)

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - Rāvaṇa's supposed valor, which Sītā mocks (valor, strength, heroism)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - Rāvaṇa's valor is now evident (through his cowardly actions) (is seen, appears, is visible)

• राक्षसाधम (rākṣasādhama) - Sītā addresses Rāvaṇa with contempt (O vilest of demons)

• विश्राव्य (viśrāvya) - having announced one's name openly (in battle) (having announced, proclaiming)

• नामधेयम् (nāmadheyam) - one's own name (name, appellation)

• हि (hi) - introduces the explanation/reason for the previous statement (indeed, for)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in an honorable, open battle (in battle, in a fight)

• न (na) - negation of victory (not, no)

• अस्ति (asti) - is possible, there is (is, exists)

• जिता (jitā) - a victory (by you) (conquered, won, victory)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by Rāvaṇa (by you)

Words meanings and morphology

परमम् (paramam) - Sītā ironically refers to Rāvaṇa's 'greatest valor' (supreme, highest, greatest)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, best, supreme, ultimate

Superlative from `para`.

Note: Modifies `vīryam`.

खलु (khalu) - Emphasizes the irony of Sītā's statement (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - Rāvaṇa's valor (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tva

tva - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Possessive, modifies `vīryam`.

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - Rāvaṇa's supposed valor, which Sītā mocks (valor, strength, heroism)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, strength, heroism, power

From `vīra` (hero).

Note: Subject of `dṛśyate`.

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - Rāvaṇa's valor is now evident (through his cowardly actions) (is seen, appears, is visible)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √dṛś

Present Passive 3rd Singular

From √dṛś (1P, 4P, 6P). Passive formation.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

राक्षसाधम (rākṣasādhama) - Sītā addresses Rāvaṇa with contempt (O vilest of demons)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhama

rākṣasādhama - lowest/vilest of Rākṣasas (demons)

Tatpuruṣa compound `rākṣasānām adhamaḥ`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+adhama)

• rākṣasa – a demon, a Rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, vilest, meanest, worst
  adjective (masculine)

विश्राव्य (viśrāvya) - having announced one's name openly (in battle) (having announced, proclaiming)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) (causative stem `śrāvaya` with prefix `vi`)

From causative `śrāv` of √śru (5P) with prefix `vi`, and suffix `ya` (lipi/lap).

Prefix: vi

Root: √śru (class 5)

नामधेयम् (nāmadheyam) - one's own name (name, appellation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāmadheya

nāmadheya - name, appellation, designation

Compound `nāman` + `dheya` (what is to be put, to be called).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāman+dheya)

• nāman – name, appellation
  noun (neuter)
• dheya – to be placed, to be called, name
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From √dhā (to place, put)
  Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of `viśrāvya`.

हि (hi) - introduces the explanation/reason for the previous statement (indeed, for)

(indeclinable)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in an honorable, open battle (in battle, in a fight)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From √yudh (to fight).

Root: √yudh (class 4)

न (na) - negation of victory (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is possible, there is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √as

Present Active 3rd Singular

Irregular root, `asti` form.

Root: √as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

जिता (jitā) - a victory (by you) (conquered, won, victory)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, overcome, victorious; a victory (as noun)

Past Passive Participle

From √ji (to conquer).

Root: √ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative with `asti`.

त्वया (tvayā) - by Rāvaṇa (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tva

tva - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Agent of `jitā` (victory by you).